Rabi I
3rd month of the Islamic calendar
Rabi I (Arabic: رَبِيع الْأَوَّل, romanized: Rabīʿ al-ʾAwwal, lit. 'Rabi the First') is the third month of the Islamic calendar. The name Rabīʿ al-ʾAwwal means 'the first spring', referring to its position in the pre-Islamic Arabian calendar.
Meaning
In Arabic, the word rabīʿ means "spring" and al-ʾawwal means "the first", so Rabīʿ al-ʾAwwal means "the first spring". The name seems to have to do with the celebratory events in the month, as spring marks the end of winter (a symbol of sadness) and consequently the start of happiness. As the Islamic calendar is a purely lunar calendar, the month naturally rotates over solar years, so Rabi I can fall in spring or any other season. Therefore, the month cannot be related to the actual season of spring.
And it's mentioned in the Arabic lexicons that Arabs add the word "month" to Rabi I, Rabi II and Ramadan months only, and most of them allow adding the word "month" to the other months too.
Mawlid
Timing
The Islamic calendar is a purely lunar calendar, and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year, Rabi I migrates throughout the seasons. The estimated start and end dates for Rabi I are as follows (based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia):
Islamic events
1 Rabi I 897 AH, the fall of the Emirate of Granada, the final Muslim kingdom of al-Andalus
8 Rabi I, death of Imam Hassan Al-Askari Twelver Imām, Hasan al-‘Askarī (see: Chup Tazia)
9 Rabi I, Eid e shuja
12 Rabi I, Sunni Muslims observe Mawlid in commemoration of Muhammad's birthday
13 Rabi I, Death of Umm Rubab (beloved wife of Imam Hussain)
17 Rabi I, Shia celebrate the birthday of the Imām Ja‘far al-Sādiq.
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