594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim
First known asteroid of the Vatira population
594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim (provisional designation 2020 AV2) is a large near-Earth asteroid discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility on 4 January 2020. It is the first asteroid discovered to have an orbit completely within Venus's orbit, and is thus the first and only known member of the eponymous ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim (informally named Vatira before its discovery) population of Atira-class asteroids. ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim has the smallest known aphelion and third-smallest known semi-major axis among all asteroids. With an absolute magnitude of approximately 16.2, the asteroid is expected to be larger than 1 km in diameter.
Discovery
ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim was discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey at the Palomar Observatory on 4 January 2020, by astronomers Bryce Bolin, Frank Masci, and Quanzhi Ye. The discovery formed part of a campaign for detecting interior-Earth asteroids (Atiras) using the wide-field ZTF camera on the 1.22-meter Samuel Oschin telescope at the Palomar Observatory. The detection of such objects is difficult due to their close proximity to the Sun: asteroids within the orbit of Venus never reach solar elongations greater than 47 degrees, meaning that they are only observable during twilight as the Sun is below the Earth's horizon. Because of this, inner-Venusian asteroids could only be observed within a short time frame, hence why the ZTF camera was used since it can effectively detect transient objects.
At the time of discovery, ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim was located in the constellation Aquarius, at an apparent magnitude around 18. The discovery of ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim was reported by astronomer Bryce Bolin, and was subsequently listed on the Minor Planet Center's Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page (NEOCP) on 4 January 2020.
“594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim” enters the record as first known asteroid of the Vatira population. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim, First and known can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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