Mexico–United States relations

Mexico and the United States have a strained history, with the American invasion in the 1840s and the subsequent American occupation and annexation of more than 50% of former Mexican territory, including Texas, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, parts of Colorado, parts of Oklahoma, parts of Kansas and New Mexico. Pressure from the American government was one of the factors that helped force the French invaders out in the 1860s. During the Mexican Revolution of the 1910s, the coup against mexican president Francisco I. Madero was heavily supported by the American government through the pact of the embassy. Other tensions resulted in the Cold War through the so-called Mexican Dirty War. The two nations share a maritime and land border. Several treaties have been concluded between the two nations bilaterally, such as the Gadsden Purchase, and multilaterally, such as the 2019 United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement, replacing the 1994 NAFTA. Both are members of various international organizations, including the Organization of American States and the United Nations. According to Adolfo Aguilar Zínser, mexican diplomat and intellectual, the political and intellectual class of the United States sees Mexico as "a country whose position is that of a backyard".

Since the late nineteenth century, during the regime of President Porfirio Díaz (1876–1911), the two countries have had close diplomatic and economic ties. During Díaz's long presidency, U.S. businessmen acquired agricultural and mining interests in the country. The U.S. played an important role in the course of the Mexican Revolution (1910–20) with direct actions of the U.S. influencing the outcome.