Tremelimumab
chemical compound
Tremelimumab, sold under the brand name Imjudo, is a fully human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer). Tremelimumab is designed to attach to and block CTLA-4, a protein that controls the activity of T cells, which are part of the immune system (the body’s natural defenses).
The most common side effects when used in combination with durvalumab include rash, pruritus (itching), diarrhea, abdominal (belly) pain, increased levels of liver enzymes, fever, hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid gland), cough, peripheral edema (swelling especially of the ankles and feet) and increased level of lipase (an enzyme that helps digest fat, mainly made in the pancreas).
Tremelimumab was approved for medical use in the United States in October 2022, and in the European Union in February 2023.
Medical uses
Tremelimumab is indicated, in combination with durvalumab, for the treatment of adults with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab and platinum-based chemotherapy is indicated for the first-line treatment of adults with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with no sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive mutations.
Mechanism of action
Tremelimumab aims to stimulate an immune system attack on tumors. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can recognize and destroy cancer cells. However, there is also an inhibitory mechanism (immune checkpoint) that interrupts this destruction. Tremelimumab turns off this inhibitory mechanism and allows CTLs to continue to destroy the cancer cells.
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