Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip
end of Israeli occupation and colonization of Gaza Strip in 2005
In 2005, Israel disengaged from the Gaza Strip by dismantling all 21 Israeli settlements there.
Nonetheless, the Gaza Strip has continued to be regarded by the United Nations, many other international humanitarian and legal organizations, and most academic commentators as being under Israeli occupation due to Israel's active control over the territory's external affairs, as affirmed by the 2024 International Court of Justice advisory opinion. Historically, according to Article 42 of the Hague Regulations and precedent in international law, it has been generally understood that a territory remains effectively occupied so long as a belligerent's authority is established and exercised over it, even if said belligerent does not have ground forces deployed in the area.
Proposed by Israeli prime minister Ariel Sharon in 2003 and adopted by the Cabinet in 2004, the strategy was officially approved by the Knesset as the Disengagement Plan Implementation Law in June 2004. A deadline was issued for August 15, 2005, after which the IDF began evicting all Israeli settlers who were refusing to accept government compensation packages in exchange for voluntarily vacating their homes in the Gaza Strip. By September 12, all Israeli residential buildings in the territory had been demolished and the 8,000+ Israeli settlers who inhabited them had been removed. The dismantlement of the four West Bank settlements was completed ten days later.
The disengagement was executed unilaterally by Israel and without coordination with the Palestinian National Authority (PNA).
Yet among Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, the disengagement was met positively in light of earlier skepticism surrounding Israel's intention to withdraw from the territory. Among Israelis, polls showed support for the disengagement in the 50–60% range and opposition in the 30–40% range.
“Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip” enters the record as end of Israeli occupation and colonization of Gaza Strip in 2005. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Israeli, disengagement and Gaza can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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