The Pond—Moonlight
photograph by Edward Steichen

The Pond—Moonlight (also exhibited as The Pond—Moonrise) is a pictorialist photograph by Edward Steichen. The photograph was made in 1904 in Mamaroneck, New York, near the home of his friend art critic Charles Caffin. The photograph features a forest across a pond, with part of the Moon appearing over the horizon in a gap in the trees. The Pond—Moonlight is an early photograph created by manually applying light-sensitive gums, giving the final print more than one color.
Only three known versions of The Pond—Moonlight are still in existence and, as a result of the hand-layering of the gums, each is unique. One version was given by Steichen to the Museum of Modern Art and remains in its collection under the title Moonrise, Mamaroneck, New York. A second version was in the personal collection of Alfred Stieglitz, which was donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1933. This had been reproduced in Stieglitz's photography journal Camera Work, No. 14 (1906).
The Metropolitan Museum of Art acquired a duplicate when it bought the Gilman Paper Company collection, and decided to auction it.
The public source identifies “The Pond—Moonlight” as photograph by Edward Steichen. This brief keeps that definition visible, then builds a research path around Pond, Moonlight and photograph.
Why this record matters
A short description can identify a subject without explaining its stakes. For “The Pond—Moonlight”, the useful work is to connect “photograph by Edward Steichen” to the records capable of establishing context and consequence.
Vocabulary and entity names are the principal evidence signals here, because they determine the precision of every later search. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 15, 2025. The linked authority identifier is Q1960268. None of the 1 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1904, 1933 and 1906.
Overview language is designed for orientation and should not be treated as a substitute for the evidence cited beneath it. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
How to read it
Use the entry as an orientation point, then follow its citations and revision history. Names, dates and institutional relationships should be checked against the original record.
- Subject orientation
- Search vocabulary
- Locating named sources
The closest primary source, responsible institution and strongest cited specialist reference.
Three-step research path
- Establish the record: confirm the title “The Pond—Moonlight”, its source revision and the description used here.
- Expand the search: follow The Pond—Moonlight primary sources, The Pond—Moonlight archive and Pond research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
- Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.
Questions for further research
- Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “The Pond—Moonlight”?
- Which cited source is closest to the event, object or claim?
- Which institution is responsible for the underlying evidence?
Search terms from this dossier
This entry incorporates text from “The Pond—Moonlight” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.