TYRP1
mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Tyrosinase-related protein 1, also known as TYRP1, is an intermembrane enzyme which in humans is encoded by the TYRP1 gene.
Function
Tyrp1 is a melanocyte-specific gene product involved in melanin synthesis within melanosomes. Most Tyrp1 possess 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (melanogenic intermediate) oxidase activity. The catalytic function of Tyrp1 in human melanocytes is less clear. Tyrp1 is involved in stabilizing of tyrosinase protein and modulating its catalytic activity. Tyrp1 is also involved in maintenance of melanosome structure and affects melanocyte proliferation and melanocyte cell death. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest and migrate into the overlying epidermal ectoderm of a developing organism which forms skin and hair. Therefore, Tyrp1 influences the expression of melanin notably in the skin and hair of an organism.
The Tyrp1 gene also has a non-coding function which indirectly promotes melanoma tumor cell proliferation, especially when highly expressed in a cell. Tyrp1 mRNA interacts with miR-16 and affects its ability to repress genes involved in melanoma cell production.
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This entry incorporates text from “TYRP1” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.