Sum
Wikimedia disambiguation page
Sum most commonly means the total of two or more numbers added together; see addition.
Sum can also refer to:
Mathematics
Sum (category theory), the generic concept of summation in mathematics
Sum, the result of summation, the addition of a sequence of numbers
3SUM, a term from computational complexity theory
Band sum, a way of connecting mathematical knots
Connected sum, a way of gluing manifolds
Digit sum, in number theory
Direct sum, a combination of algebraic objects
Direct sum of groups
Direct sum of modules
Direct sum of permutations
Direct sum of topological groups
Einstein summation, a way of contracting tensor indices
Empty sum, a sum with no terms
Indefinite sum, the inverse of a finite difference
Kronecker sum, an operation considered a kind of addition for matrices
Matrix addition, in linear algebra
Minkowski addition, a sum of two subsets of a vector space
Power sum symmetric polynomial, in commutative algebra
Prefix sum, in computing
Pushout (category theory) (also called an amalgamated sum or a cocartesian square, fibered coproduct, or fibered sum), the colimit of a diagram consisting of two morphisms f : Z → X and g : Z → Y with a common domainor pushout, leading to a fibered sum in category theory
QCD sum rules, in quantum field theory
Riemann sum, in calculus
Rule of sum, in combinatorics
Subset sum problem, in cryptography
Sum rule in differentiation, in calculus
Sum rule in integration, in calculus
Sum rule in quantum mechanics
Wedge sum, a one-point union of topological spaces
Whitney sum, of fiber bundles
Zero-sum problem in combinatorics
Computing and technology
Sum (Unix), a program for generating checksums
StartUp-Manager, a program to configure GRUB, GRUB2, Usplash and Splashy
Sum type, a computer science term
Art and entertainment
Sum, the first beat (pronounced like "some") in any rhythmic cycle of Hindustani classical music
"Sum", a song by Pink Floyd from The Endless River
Sum: Forty Tales from the Afterlives, a 2009 collection of short stories by David Eagleman
Sum 41, a Canadian punk band
SUM, the computer in Goat Song (novelette) story by Poul Anderson in Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, (1972).
“Sum” enters the record as wikimedia disambiguation page. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Wikimedia, disambiguation and page can confirm, complicate or overturn.
Why this record matters
“Sum” is worth following because a concise public description often conceals a longer documentary argument. Here, Wikimedia, disambiguation and page provides the most credible route into that argument.
The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Dec 27, 2024. The linked authority identifier is Q407074. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 2009 and 1972.
A concise general-reference account can conceal disagreements about scope, terminology or the weight assigned to individual sources. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
How to read it
Use the entry as an orientation point, then follow its citations and revision history. Names, dates and institutional relationships should be checked against the original record.
- Subject orientation
- Search vocabulary
- Locating named sources
The closest primary source, responsible institution and strongest cited specialist reference.
Three-step research path
- Establish the record: confirm the title “Sum”, its source revision and the description used here.
- Expand the search: follow Sum primary sources, Sum archive and Wikimedia research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
- Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.
Questions for further research
- Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “Sum”?
- What terminology or title could unlock a more precise catalogue search?
- Which institution is responsible for the underlying evidence?
Search terms from this dossier
This entry incorporates text from “Sum” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.