Monocarboxylate transporter 4
protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) also known as solute carrier family 16 member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A3 gene.
Northern and western blotting and EST database analyses showed MCT4 to be widely expressed and especially so in glycolytic tissues such as white skeletal muscle fibers, astrocytes, white blood cells, chondrocytes, and some mammalian cell lines. Because of this, it has been proposed that the properties of MCT4 might be especially appropriate for export of lactate derived from glycolysis. MCT4 exhibits a lower affinity for most substrates and inhibitors than MCT1, with Km and Ki values some 5–10-fold higher. The high Km for pyruvate may be especially significant as this avoids loss of pyruvate from the cell which, were it to occur, would prevent removal of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) produced in glycolysis by reduction of pyruvate to lactate.
MCT4 in the brain is primarily expressed in astrocytes and microglia. Experimental studies show that astrocytes release lactate primarily via MCT4 during wakefulness, supporting orexin neuron firing and promoting wakefulness, highlighting a key role for astrocyte-derived lactate in sleep–wake regulation.
“Monocarboxylate transporter 4” enters the record as protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Monocarboxylate, transporter and protein-coding can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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Datasets, specimens, observations and peer-reviewed methods provide the appropriate test for the technical claims summarized here. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 11, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q18033845. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference.
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