Economy of Russia
national economy of the Russian Federation
Russia has a developing market-oriented mixed economy considered high-income and highly industrialized. It has the ninth-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest economy by GDP (PPP). Due to a volatile currency exchange rate, its GDP measured in nominal terms fluctuates sharply. Russia was the last major economy to join the World Trade Organization (WTO), becoming a member in 2012.
The country has large amounts of energy resources throughout its vast landmass, particularly natural gas and petroleum, which play a crucial role in its energy self-sufficiency and exports. The country is a petrostate, with it having the largest natural gas reserves in the world, the second-largest coal reserves, the eighth-largest oil reserves, and the largest oil shale reserves in Europe. Russia is the third-largest natural gas exporter, the second-largest natural gas producer, the second-largest oil exporter and producer, and the third-largest coal exporter. As of 2026, its foreign exchange reserves are the fourth-largest in the world. As of 2026 few people are unemployed. It is the third-largest exporter of arms in the world.
“Economy of Russia” enters the record as national economy of the Russian Federation. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Economy, Russia and national can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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Vocabulary and entity names are the principal evidence signals here, because they determine the precision of every later search. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 21, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q461731. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 2012 and 2026.
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This entry incorporates text from “Economy of Russia” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.