Superoxide reductase
class of enzymes
Superoxide reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of highly reactive and toxic superoxide (O2−) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2):
reduced rubredoxin + O2− + 2 H+
⇌
{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
rubredoxin + H2O2
Fe2+ + O2− + 2 H+
⇌
{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }
Fe3++ H2O2
Hydrogen peroxide in turn is reduced to water by rubrerythrin. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are reduced rubredoxin, superoxide, and H+, whereas its two products are rubredoxin and H2O2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on superoxide as acceptor (only sub-subclass identified to date). The systematic name of this enzyme class is rubredoxin:superoxide oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include neelaredoxin, and desulfoferrodoxin.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 9 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes PDB: 1VZG, PDB: 1VZH, PDB: 1VZI, PDB: 1Y07, PDB: 2AMU, PDB: 2HVB, PDB: 2JI1, PDB: 2JI2, and PDB: 2JI3.
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