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Al-Bayyina

98th chapter of the Qur'an

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General referenceInterpretive dossier study · Crown Archives visual atlas
Record originEnglish Wikipedia
Text licenseCC BY-SA 4.0
Source revisionJun 27, 2026
Entity authorityQ233624
Source-derived summary

Al-Bayyina or The Evidence (Arabic: البينة, al-bayyinah, "the clear proof") is the 98th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an, with 8 ayat or verses. The surah is titled after the word al-bayyinah, which occurs at the end of the first and fourth verses.

Summary

1-2 The idolaters stagger at the revelations of the Quran.

3-4 Jews and Christians (a.k.a. "the People of the Book") dispute among themselves since the advent of Muhammad and his new religion.

5 Nonbelievers of all classes threatened with divine judgments

6 Those who disbelieve: Nonbelievers, People of the Book, and polytheists are the worst of all creatures, destined for hell forever.

7-8 'Those who believe and performs righteous deeds' are "the best of creatures"; their reward is heaven.

References

External links

Texts on Wikisource:

The Clear Proof, 1930 translation by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall

97.

Editorial summary

Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Al-Bayyina” is 98th chapter of the Qur'an. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Al-Bayyina, 98th and chapter, not as a finished interpretation.

Editorial reviewA dependable orientation record for establishing vocabulary, names and a first evidence trail. The current lead gives the account dated anchors—1930—that can be checked directly. The selected authority fields contribute no independent date. For this dossier, Al-Bayyina, 98th and chapter is the immediate research focus.
Editorial analysis

Why this record matters

The phrase “98th chapter of the Qur'an” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.

Evidence profile

The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jun 27, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q233624. VIAF identifies the subject as 5544159477876227990003. None of the 1 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1930.

Critical limits

A concise general-reference account can conceal disagreements about scope, terminology or the weight assigned to individual sources. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.

How to read it

Use the entry as an orientation point, then follow its citations and revision history. Names, dates and institutional relationships should be checked against the original record.

Best used for
  • Subject orientation
  • Search vocabulary
  • Locating named sources
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The closest primary source, responsible institution and strongest cited specialist reference.

Three-step research path

  1. Establish the record: confirm the title “Al-Bayyina”, its source revision and the description used here.
  2. Expand the search: follow Al-Bayyina primary sources, Al-Bayyina archive and Al-Bayyina research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
  3. Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.

Questions for further research

  1. Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “Al-Bayyina”?
  2. What terminology or title could unlock a more precise catalogue search?
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Source & attribution

This entry incorporates text from Al-Bayyina” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.