Latino-Faliscan languages
Italic language family consisting of Latin and Faliscan
Latino-Faliscan or Latinian languages were a group of Italic languages within the Indo-European family. They were spoken by the Latino-Faliscan people of Italy who lived there from the early 1st millennium BC.
Latin and Faliscan belong to the group, as well as Lanuvian and Praenestine, which are sometimes considered dialects of Latin.
Linguistic description
Latin and Faliscan have several features in common with other Italic languages:
The late Indo-European diphthong /*eu/ evolved into ou.
The late Indo-European /*ə/ from vocalic laryngeals evolved into a.
The Indo-European syllabic liquids /*l̥, *r̥/ developed an epenthetic vowel o, giving Italic ol, or.
The Indo-European syllabic nasals /*m̥, *n̥/ developed an epenthetic vowel e, giving Italic em, en.
Word-initial aspirated stops from Indo-European were fricativised: /*bʰ, *dʰ, *gʰ, gʷʰ/ > f, f, h, f.
The sequence /*p...kʷ/ was assimilated into kʷ...kʷ (Proto-Indo-European *penkʷe 'five' > Latin quinque).
Latin and Faliscan also have characteristics not shared by other branches of Italic. They retain the Indo-European labiovelars /*kʷ, *gʷ/ as qu-, gu- (later becoming velar and semivocal), whereas in Osco-Umbrian they become labial p, b.
“Latino-Faliscan languages” enters the record as italic language family consisting of Latin and Faliscan. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Latino-Faliscan, languages and Italic can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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This entry incorporates text from “Latino-Faliscan languages” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.