Photinula
genus of molluscs
Photinula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Calliostomatidae.
Species
Species within the genus Photinula include:
Photinula coerulescens King and Broderip, 1831
Photinula crawshayi E. A. Smith, 1905
Photinula lahillei Ihering, 1902
Photinula roseolineata E. A. Smith, 1905
Photinula virginalis Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885
Taxon inquirendum
Photinula solidula J. E. Cooper & Preston, 1910
Species brought into synonymy
Photinula achilles Strebel, 1908: synonym of Margarella achilles (Strebel, 1908)
Photinula antipoda (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1854): synonym of Cantharidus antipoda antipoda (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1854)
Photinula blakei (Clench & Aguayo, 1938): synonym of Carolesia blakei (Clench & Aguayo, 1938)
Photinula couteaudi Mabille & Rochebrune, 1889: synonym of Photinula coerulescens (P. P. King, 1832)
Photinula decepta Odhner, N.H.J., 1924: synonym of Cantharidus antipoda antipoda (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1854)
Photinula expansa (G.B. Sowerby I, 1838): synonym of Margarella expansa (G.B. Sowerby I, 1838)
Photinula gamma Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of Photinastoma taeniatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
Photinula halmyris Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of Margarella violacea (P. P. King, 1832)
Photinula impervia Strebel, 1908: synonym of Lissotesta impervia (Strebel, 1908) (original combination)
Photinula paradoxa Mabille, 1885: synonym of Photinastoma taeniatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
Photinula pruinosa Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of Margarella pruinosa (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885) (original combination)
Photinula steineni Strebel, 1905: synonym of Margarella steineni (Strebel, 1905)
Photinula suteri E. A. Smith, 1894: synonym of Cantharidus dilatatus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870) (junior synonym)
Photinula taeniata (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of Photinastoma taeniatum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
Photinula viaginalis Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of Photinula virginalis Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885 (incorrect original spelling)
Photinula violacea (P. P. King, 1832): synonym of Margarella violacea (P. P. King, 1832)
Photinula wacei Melvill & Standen, 1918: synonym of Margarella wacei (Melvill & Standen, 1918) (original combination)
References
External links
Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853-1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst
Adams, A. (1853). Contributions towards a monograph of the Trochidae, a family of gasteropodous Mollusca. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. (1851) 19: 150-192
Ihering, H. von. (1902). Die Photinula-Arten der Magellan Strasse. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Photinula” is genus of molluscs. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Photinula, genus and molluscs, not as a finished interpretation.
Why this record matters
The phrase “genus of molluscs” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.
Datasets, specimens, observations and peer-reviewed methods provide the appropriate test for the technical claims summarized here. The source revision retrieved here is dated May 18, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q7187632. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1831, 1905, 1902 and 1885.
Scientific names, classifications and consensus can change while older terminology persists in catalogues and historical literature. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
How to read it
Check terminology, classification and the date of the cited evidence. Scientific names and technical consensus can change while older records retain historical value.
- Current terminology
- Classification context
- Finding cited technical literature
Primary datasets, specimen catalogues, standards bodies and the most recent peer-reviewed literature.
Three-step research path
- Establish the record: confirm the title “Photinula”, its source revision and the description used here.
- Expand the search: follow Photinula primary sources, Photinula archive and Photinula research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
- Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.
Questions for further research
- Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “Photinula”?
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This entry incorporates text from “Photinula” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.