Personalized genomics
discipline of human genetics
Personalized genomics is the human genetics-derived study of analyzing and interpreting individualized genetic information by genome sequencing to identify genetic variations compared to the library of known sequences. International genetics communities have spared no effort from the past and have gradually cooperated to prosecute research projects to determine DNA sequences of the human genome using DNA sequencing techniques. The methods that are the most commonly used are whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing. Both approaches are used to identify genetic variations. Genome sequencing became more cost-effective over time, and made it applicable in the medical field, allowing scientists to understand which genes are attributed to specific diseases.
Personalized medicine is an emerging practice in medicine that develops patient-specific treatments based on an individual's genetic profile. The treatment enables patients to experience maximized therapeutic effectiveness and minimized adverse effects. Personalized medicine has been widely accepted, and future-oriented changes in policy and infrastructure are implemented throughout the world to readily adopt into other fields.
History
Efforts to explore genes and heredity have been prolonged for over 100 years. From Gregor Mendel's studies of inheritance, many researchers have dedicated themselves to scientific development via new discoveries and inventions, such as the DNA double helix discovered by Rosalind Franklin and the sanger sequencing invented by Frederick Sanger.
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This entry incorporates text from “Personalized genomics” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.