PPAN
protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Suppressor of SWI4 1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPAN gene.
Gene
One of the introns of PPAN encodes the Small nucleolar RNA SNORD105.
This gene was found to cotranscript with P2RY11/P2Y(11), an immediate downstream gene on the chromosome that encodes an ATP receptor.
Species distribution
The protein encoded by this gene is an evolutionarily conserved protein similar to yeast SSF1 as well as to the gene product of the Drosophila gene peter pan (PPAN).
Tissue distribution
Although being involved in ribosome biogenesis, human PPAN is not merely localized in nucleoli, but also in mitochondria.
Function
SSF1 is known to be involved in the second step of mRNA splicing. Both SSF1 and PPAN are essential for cell growth and proliferation.
The chimeric transcripts of this gene and P2RY11 were found to be ubiquitously present and regulated during granulocytic differentiation. Exogenous expression of this gene was reported to reduce the anchorage-independent growth of some tumor cells.
Depletion of PPAN provokes apoptosis as observed by increased amounts of p53 and its target gene p21, BAX-driven depolarisation of mitochondria, cytochrome c release as well as caspase-dependent cleavage of PARP. Recent studies revealed that PPAN participates in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis, presumably via modulation of autophagy.
“PPAN” enters the record as protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what PPAN, protein-coding and gene can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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“PPAN” is worth following because a concise public description often conceals a longer documentary argument. Here, PPAN, protein-coding and gene provides the most credible route into that argument.
Datasets, specimens, observations and peer-reviewed methods provide the appropriate test for the technical claims summarized here. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 3, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q18042381. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference.
Current terminology should not be projected backward without checking the classification used when the underlying evidence was created. The source lead contains qualifying language; that uncertainty should survive quotation, summary and reuse. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
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This entry incorporates text from “PPAN” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.