PIEZO2
mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIEZO2 gene. The PIEZO2 protein has a role in mechanotransduction. Mechanical activation of the channel leads to depolarization of the plasma membrane or activation of secondary messenger cascades. PIEZO2 was cloned in 2010 after its homolog, PIEZO1, was identified using small interfering RNAs of candidate genes for mechanically activated ion channels in mouse neurons. It has a homotrimeric structure, with three blades curving into a nano-dome, with a diameter of 28 nanometers (nm). 'Piezo' comes from the Greek 'piesi,' meaning 'pressure.'
Structure
Piezos are large transmembrane proteins conserved among various species, but they don't have known sequence similarity to any other class of proteins. Piezo proteins contain around 2500-2800 amino acids depending on the species. The structure of piezo proteins has been determined using cryo-electron microscopy. They have a homotrimeric propellor-like structure composed on three blades curved into a nano-dome with a diameter of 28 nm and axial height of 17 nm. The three monomers meet in the center to form a ion-conducting pore across the membrane.
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This entry incorporates text from “PIEZO2” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.