Oxycation
cation containing oxygen
An oxycation, or oxocation, is an ion with the generic formula AxOz+y (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom). Their names normally end with the suffix "-ium" or "-yl".
Isolable oxycations
A few salts of oxycations have been reported. They are all associated with lighter main group elements. The nitrogen-containing cations are NO+ and NO+2. The latter is the active species in nitration reactions.
The Friedel-Crafts reaction is a classical organic reaction for attachment of acyl groups to arenes. The active acylating agent is often an acylium ion, several of which have been isolated..
Oxycation nomenclature
Main group species
NO+ - example: nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate
NO+2 - example: nitronium tetrafluoroborate
ClO+2 - example: chloryl hexafluororuthenate
More complicated oxycations include species like SOF3+. Aluminyl, antimonyl, bismuthyl derivatives more closely resemble the situation for transition metal oxy cations in the sense that they are bonded to many Lewis bases.
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