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Numbers (spreadsheet)

spreadsheet application developed by Apple

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General referenceInterpretive dossier study · Crown Archives visual atlas
Record originEnglish Wikipedia
Text licenseCC BY-SA 4.0
Source revisionJul 25, 2026
Entity authorityQ1056778
Source-derived summary

Numbers is a spreadsheet application developed by Apple as part of the iWork productivity suite alongside Keynote and Pages. Numbers is available for iOS and macOS High Sierra or newer. Numbers 1.0 on Mac OS X was announced on August 7, 2007, making it the newest application in the iWork suite. The iPad version was released on January 27, 2010. The app was later updated to support iPhone and iPod Touch.

Numbers uses a free-form "canvas" approach that demotes tables to one of many different media types placed on a page. Other media, like charts, graphics, and text, are treated as peers. In comparison, traditional spreadsheets like Microsoft Excel use the table as the primary container, with other media placed within the table. Numbers also includes features from the seminal Lotus Improv, notably the use of formulas based on ranges rather than cells. However, it implements these using traditional spreadsheet concepts, as opposed to Improv's use of multidimensional databases.

Editorial summary

“Numbers (spreadsheet)” enters the record as spreadsheet application developed by Apple. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Numbers, spreadsheet and application can confirm, complicate or overturn.

Editorial reviewA practical starting point whose main value is the path it opens into stronger specialist and primary sources. The current lead gives the account dated anchors—2007, 2010—that can be checked directly. The linked authority record independently contributes the date 2007-08-07. Its strongest next move is a source search built around Numbers, spreadsheet and application.
Editorial analysis

Why this record matters

“Numbers (spreadsheet)” is worth following because a concise public description often conceals a longer documentary argument. Here, Numbers, spreadsheet and application provides the most credible route into that argument.

Evidence profile

Vocabulary and entity names are the principal evidence signals here, because they determine the precision of every later search. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jul 25, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q1056778. 1 of 2 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 2007 and 2010.

Critical limits

A concise general-reference account can conceal disagreements about scope, terminology or the weight assigned to individual sources. The source lead contains qualifying language; that uncertainty should survive quotation, summary and reuse. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.

How to read it

Use the entry as an orientation point, then follow its citations and revision history. Names, dates and institutional relationships should be checked against the original record.

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  • Search vocabulary
  • Locating named sources
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The closest primary source, responsible institution and strongest cited specialist reference.

Three-step research path

  1. Establish the record: confirm the title “Numbers (spreadsheet)”, its source revision and the description used here.
  2. Expand the search: follow Numbers (spreadsheet) primary sources, Numbers (spreadsheet) archive and Numbers research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
  3. Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.

Questions for further research

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Source & attribution

This entry incorporates text from Numbers (spreadsheet)” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.