November 1912
month of 1912
The following events occurred in November 1912:
November 1, 1912 (Friday)
General Mario García Menocal, the nominee of Cuba's Conservative Party, was elected President of Cuba, defeating Vice-president Alfredo Zayas.
The Bulgarian Army occupied Demotika, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace.
Pope Pius X sent a letter to Portuguese Roman Catholic clergy condemning Portugal's Law of Separation of the State and the Church (Lei da Separação do Estado das Igrejas) and censured those clergy who had accepted stipends under the law.
The Germany to Russia Gordon Bennett Cup hot air balloon race, from Stuttgart to Moscow, was won by the French team of Maurice Bienaimé and René Rumpelmayer.
In Warsaw, then part of the Russian Empire, Lieutenant Dahm of the Imperial German Army was sentenced to five years hard labor for espionage.
A federal grand jury in Omaha, Nebraska, indicted five railroads for illegal rebate policies in violation of the Elkins Act.
The last of the cattle from the XIT Ranch, once one of the largest in the Texas Panhandle at 150,000 head, were sold off at auction.
Born: Gunther Plaut, German-born Canadian rabbi and author, president of the Canadian Jewish Congress 1977–1980, and recipient of the Order of Canada; as Wolf Gunter Plaut, in Münster, German Empire(d. 2012)
Died: Homer Lea, 35, American writer, advisor to Sun Yat-sen during the 1911 Revolution, died of Bright's disease (b. 1876)
November 2, 1912 (Saturday)
The Ottoman Army retreated to Çatalca, Turkey, ending the Battle of Lule Burgas at a cost of 22,000 killed or wounded for the Ottoman Empire.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “November 1912” is month of 1912. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through November and month, not as a finished interpretation.
Why this record matters
The phrase “month of 1912” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.
Vocabulary and entity names are the principal evidence signals here, because they determine the precision of every later search. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jul 22, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q7064647. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1912, 1977, 1980 and 2012.
Overview language is designed for orientation and should not be treated as a substitute for the evidence cited beneath it. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
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This entry incorporates text from “November 1912” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.