Borane
chemical compound
Borane is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula BH3. Because it tends to dimerize or form adducts, borane is very rarely observed. It normally dimerizes to diborane in the absence of other chemicals. It can be observed directly as a continuously produced, transitory, product in a flow system or from the reaction of laser ablated atomic boron with hydrogen. Borane is the simplest group 13 hydride.
Structure and properties
BH3 is a trigonal planar molecule with D3h symmetry. The experimentally determined B–H bond length is 119 pm.
In the absence of other bases, it dimerizes to form diborane. Thus, it is an intermediate in the preparation of diborane according to the reaction:
BX3 +BH4− → HBX3− + (BH3) (X=F, Cl, Br, I)
2 BH3 → B2H6
The standard enthalpy of dimerization of BH3 is estimated to be −170 kJ mol−1.
The boron atom in BH3 has 6 valence electrons.
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