Mongolia–Uzbekistan relations

Mongolia–Uzbekistan relations refer to bilateral relations between Mongolia and Uzbekistan. The two countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1992, after Uzbekistan gained independence from the Soviet Union. Uzbekistan does not have a representative embassy in Ulaanbaatar, while Mongolia has an embassy in Tashkent.

History

Historically, both two peoples are parts of the wider Turkic and Mongolic peoples of the ancient time, sharing heritage via their ties with the Xiongnu and Yuezhi, which had caused the Han dynasty to try to take over Central Asia by attacking Fergana. The Tang dynasty later successfully took over Central Asia and modern Mongolia after a series of military campaigns to place both the lands of two countries under Chinese realm for a time being; these conquests did contribute to the dispersal of Turkic and Mongolic peoples, forging into the Karluks and the Siberian Turkic peoples, with the latter experienced stronger Mongolian influence later on. Later, the Karluks and Mongols also developed ties via the Kara-Khanid Khanate and Liao dynasty (and later the Qara Khitai) of the Khitans, a Sinicised Mongolic people, often with stiff competition but also with strong cultural exchange between the two entities.

Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, launched a full scale invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire and decimated the entire state in process. Following the destruction of the Khwarazmian realm, the Chagatai Khanate was established by the second son of Genghis Khan, Chagatai Khan; it was during this time that the Persianate and Islamicate civilisation, already developed by the Kara-Khanids before the Mongol arrival, slowly managed to dominate the Mongol structure, creating a unique blend of both Turco-Mongol and Turco-Persian traditions that would ultimately turn the Chagatai Khanate into a combination of Turco-Persian-Mongol culture.

One of this very product of the Turco-Mongol-Persian tradition and combination was Timur, the feared Persianised Turco-Mongol conqueror and founder of the Timurid Empire, who ushered into a golden era of Turco-Mongol domination and cultural flourishing, in which the Chagatai language, a Turkic language of the Karluks (and distinct from that of the Oghuz Ottoman Turkish) managed to prosper under Timur's patronage; it's the only Turkic language named after a Mongol Khan. A descendant of Timur, Babur, would carry this to India under the form of the Mughal Empire, where the Turco-Mongol-Persian traditions fused with Indian culture and tradition to create a unique heritage of India, where a Muslim empire had been so influenced by Indian civilisation to become distinct on their own.