Mariana Crioula
Afro-Brazilian slave (fl. 1838)
Mariana Crioula (born c. 1808) was an enslaved Black woman in Brazil in the mid-19th century who became a symbol of resistance to slavery in Brazil.
Biography
Mariana was the seamstress and maid of Francisca Elisa Xavier, wife of Portuguese-Brazilian captain major Manuel Francisco Xavier. She was at one point married to José, another enslaved person who was forced to work in the fields.
She was one of the leaders of a massive revolt against the Brazilian Empire in 1838 that helped to free around 400 other enslaved people in the Vale do Café region of Rio de Janeiro province. The revolt was led by both Mariana and Manuel Congo, who was at that point Mariana's companion, with both being named by fellow enslaved people as King and Queen. She was responsible for helping the women, children, and elderly escape. She was about 30 years old by that point.
The revolt was very successful, as 300 of the around 400 that were freed were able to escape. Those who escaped eventually reunited to participate in the rebellion.
This brief starts where responsible research should: with the source description of “Mariana Crioula” as afro-Brazilian slave (fl. 1838). Everything that follows is an evidence route, not borrowed authority.
Why this record matters
The subject matters to the general reference register because the source frames it as afro-Brazilian slave (fl. 1838). Its deeper value depends on whether names, dates, institutions and citations support that framing.
The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 11, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q105663888. VIAF identifies the subject as 291387213. None of the 1 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1808 and 1838.
Overview language is designed for orientation and should not be treated as a substitute for the evidence cited beneath it. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
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This entry incorporates text from “Mariana Crioula” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.