Maria Nowak-Vogl
Austrian child psychiatrist known for authoritarian and repressive methods
Maria Nowak-Vogl (9 April 1922 – 23 November 1998) was an Austrian child and adolescent psychiatrist who directed the Kinderbeobachtungsstation in Innsbruck. A 2013 expert commission condemned her authoritarian and abusive methods, which included the experimental use of epiphysan and enforced silence, as part of a state-supported system that inflicted psychological and physical harm on disadvantaged children.
Biography
Maria Vogl was one of four children of Alfred Vogl and Maria Dohnal. Alfred Vogl was a juvenile judge at the Sondergericht in Bolzano during the German occupation of Italy in 1943/44.
In 1940, Vogl graduated from the Upper Secondary School for Girls and one year later from the Teacher Training College in Innsbruck. From 1941 she studied medicine at the University of Innsbruck, received her doctorate in 1947 and initially worked as an assistant physician at the University Clinic for Psychiatry headed by Hubert Urban. In 1949, she took a Public Medical Officer exam. Accompanying this, she studied philosophy, education and psychology at the University of Innsbruck and was awarded a second doctorate in 1952 with a dissertation entitled Die Bedeutung der kurzfristigen Umweltsveränderung in der Erziehung (The importance of short-term environmental change in education). In 1953 Vogl passed the examination to become a specialist in neurological and mental disorders. She habilitated in curative education at the University of Innsbruck in 1959 with a paper entitled Eine Studie über die Gemeinschaftsunfähigkeit (A Study of Community Incapacity) and held teaching positions at the Faculty of Philosophy and the Faculty of Medicine.
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