Magnetosphere chronology
Discoveries about the magnetosphere
The following is a chronology of discoveries concerning the magnetosphere.
1600 - William Gilbert in London suggests the Earth is a giant magnet.
1741 - Hiorter and Anders Celsius note that the polar aurora is accompanied by a disturbance of the magnetic needle.
1820 - Hans Christian Ørsted discovers electric currents create magnetic effects. André-Marie Ampère deduces that magnetism is basically the force between electric currents.
1833 - Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber worked out the mathematical theory for separating the inner and outer magnetosphere sources of Earth's magnetic field.
1843 - Samuel Schwabe, a German amateur astronomer, shows the existence of an 11-year sunspot cycle.
1859 - Richard Carrington in England observes a solar flare; 17 hours later a large magnetic storm begins.
1892 - George Ellery Hale introduces the spectroheliograph, observing the Sun in hydrogen light from the chromosphere, a sensitive way of detecting flares. He confirms the connection between flares and magnetic storms.
“Magnetosphere chronology” enters the record as discoveries about the magnetosphere. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Magnetosphere, chronology and Discoveries can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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Named sources, stable identifiers and responsible institutions provide the strongest route from overview to verifiable evidence. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jul 8, 2025. The linked authority identifier is Q6731682. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1600, 1741, 1820 and 1833.
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This entry incorporates text from “Magnetosphere chronology” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.