Macroorchidism
having large testicles
Macroorchidism is a disorder found in males, specifically in children, where a subject has abnormally large testes. The condition is commonly inherited in connection with fragile X syndrome (FXS), which is also the second most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. The condition is also a rare sign of McCune–Albright syndrome. The opposite of macroorchidism is called microorchidism, which is the condition of abnormally small testes.
Macroorchidism is related to IGFS1 deficiency, which causes an increase in the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). There are other causes for macroorchidism, such as hypothyroidism, local tumors, and aromatase deficiency. Macroorchidism can be diagnosed by measuring the testicular volume using a prader orchidometer. There is no cure for macroorchidism; however, medications are currently being tested and used to control the disorder to promote quality living.
Signs and symptoms
The most distinguishing physical symptom of macroorchidism in patients is increased testicular size. To determine the enlargement of testes (i.e., macroorchidism), the testes must be greater than the 95th percentile of the confidence interval in males after puberty.
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