List of monarchs of Luxembourg
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The territory of Luxembourg has been ruled successively by counts, dukes and grand dukes. It was part of the medieval Kingdom of Germany, and later the Holy Roman Empire until it became a sovereign state in 1815.
Counts of Luxembourg
House of Ardenne–Luxembourg
House of Luxembourg–Namur
House of Hohenstaufen
House of Luxembourg–Namur
House of Luxembourg–Limburg
Dukes of Luxembourg
In 1354, the county was elevated to a duchy.
House of Luxembourg-Limburg
As Elisabeth had no surviving children, she sold Luxembourg to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy in 1441, but only to succeed upon her death. Philip captured Luxembourg City in 1443, but did not assume the ducal title because of conflicting claims by Anne of Austria, the closest Luxembourg relative.
Claimants
House of Valois-Burgundy
In 1467, when Elisabeth II of Austria, last rival claimant to the title, renounced her rights, Philip III's son, Charles the Bold, assumed the title of duke of Luxembourg, making it a subsidiary title of the Duke of Burgundy.
House of Habsburg
In 1482, Luxembourg passed to the House of Habsburg. After the abdication of Emperor Charles V, the duchy of Luxembourg fell to the Spanish line of the House of Habsburg.
During the War of Spanish Succession, 1701–1714, the duchy was disputed between Philip of Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV of France, of the House of Bourbon; and Charles of Austria, son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, of the House of Habsburg. In 1712, Luxembourg and Namur were ceded to Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria by his French allies, but at the end of the war in 1713 with the Treaty of Utrecht Maximilian Emanuel was restored as Elector of Bavaria.
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