Lake Bandung
Paleolake in Indonesia
Lake Bandung (Sundanese: Situ Hiang) was a prehistoric lake located in and around the city of Bandung, Parahyangan highlands, West Java, Indonesia. believed to exist between 126,000 and 20,000 BCE in the Pleistocene due to the violent eruption of Mount Sunda that blocked the Tarum River (or "Citarum", as the prefix "ci" literally means "river" in Sundanese), causing the lowlands to begin to be inundated with water, eventually forming a lake.
Today, the lake had dried out and revealed the bottom of a geological basin known as the Bandung basin. It is mostly filled with habitation and industrial areas, paddy fields and orchards. It is believed that this low-lying basin has caused the southern suburbs of Bandung to suffer seasonal flooding during the rainy season, as the Citarum river that formed the lowermost backbone of the basin overwhelms and swells.
Formation
Miocene period
During the Miocene period, the northern Bandung area was a sea, as evidenced by coral fossils that formed a coral reef along the Rajamandala ridge. Today, these reefs are limestone and mined as marble with ancient fauna. Bukit pegunungan api are believed to still be in the area around the Southern Mountains of Java. About 14 to 2 million years ago, the sea was tectonically uplifted and became a mountainous area which then 4 million years ago was hit with volcanic activity that produced hills that ran north and south between Bandung and Cimahi, including Pasir Selacau. 2 million years ago this volcanic activity shifted northwards and formed an ancient volcano called Mount Sunda, which is estimated to have reached a height of around 3000m above sea level.
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This entry incorporates text from “Lake Bandung” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.