Lactarius lignyotus
species of fungus

Lactarius lignyotus (chocolate milky) is a member of the large milk-cap genus Lactarius in the order Russulales. It was first described scientifically by Elias Magnus Fries in 1855.
The cap is up to 10 centimetres (4 in) wide and brown. The stalk is brown and white at the base. The flesh oozes a milky latex when split. It has a yellow or ochre spore print.
It can be found in coniferous woodland in eastern North America.
It is considered edible, but of little interest.
See also
List of Lactarius species
References
External links
Lactarius lignyotus in Index Fungorum.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Lactarius lignyotus” is species of fungus. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Lactarius, lignyotus and species, not as a finished interpretation.
Why this record matters
The phrase “species of fungus” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.
The date and method of observation matter as much as the stated conclusion, especially where classification or consensus has changed. The source revision retrieved here is dated Jul 10, 2024. The linked authority identifier is Q80740. None of the 0 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1855.
Current terminology should not be projected backward without checking the classification used when the underlying evidence was created. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.
How to read it
Check terminology, classification and the date of the cited evidence. Scientific names and technical consensus can change while older records retain historical value.
- Current terminology
- Classification context
- Finding cited technical literature
Primary datasets, specimen catalogues, standards bodies and the most recent peer-reviewed literature.
Three-step research path
- Establish the record: confirm the title “Lactarius lignyotus”, its source revision and the description used here.
- Expand the search: follow Lactarius lignyotus primary sources, Lactarius lignyotus archive and Lactarius research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
- Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.
Questions for further research
- Which source most directly establishes the central claim about “Lactarius lignyotus”?
- Which observation, specimen, dataset or publication supports the account?
- Is the terminology current, historical or disputed?
Search terms from this dossier
This entry incorporates text from “Lactarius lignyotus” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.