L 98-59
star in Volans
L 98-59 (TOI-175, TIC 307210830) is a red dwarf star located in the constellation of Volans, at a distance of 10.608 parsecs (34.60 light-years), as measured by the Gaia spacecraft.
Broadband photometry shows that it is an M dwarf star, redder, smaller and fainter than the Sun. It has three confirmed terrestrial-size planets in transit, which were announced in 2019 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), as well as two additional non-transiting planets, for a total of five known planets. The outermost planet is in the habitable zone.
Planetary system
The planets L 98-59 b, c, and d were discovered in 2019 by TESS. The non-transiting potential super-Venus planet L 98-59 e was discovered in 2021, along with indications of the presence of L 98-59 f, another non-transiting super-Earth located in the system's habitable zone. In 2025, the planet f was confirmed, and an additional planet candidate orbiting interior to planet b was detected.
The two innermost confirmed planets, L 98-59 b and c, as well as L 98-59 e are possibly hot rocky planets. L 98-59 d has a low density, around 2.2 g/cm3 versus 5.5 g/cm3 for Earth, indicating large amounts of volatiles.
Atmosphere characterization
In September 2021, suggested tests of the abilities of the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect and describe the atmospheric features of the three inner planets were reported. In 2022, Hubble observations of three transiting planets found with no clear evidence of atmospheres, with high mean molecular weight atmospheres, cloudy or hazy atmospheres, or no atmospheres all being consistent with the observed flat spectra.
“L 98-59” enters the record as star in Volans. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what 98-59, star and Volans can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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