Kaalingar
tamil literary scholar (12th century CE)
Kaalingar (c. 12th century CE), also known as Kalingarayar, was a Tamil scholar and commentator known for his commentary on the Thirukkural. He was among the canon of Ten Medieval Commentators of the Kural text highly esteemed by scholars. He was also among the five ancient commentators whose commentaries had been preserved and made available to the Modern era, the others being Manakkudavar, Pari Perumal, Paridhi, and Parimelalhagar.
Early life
Kaalingar was born in Kaalingarayar tribe around the end of 12th century CE and was a farmer, soldier, and a physician. His commentary to the Kural chapter on fortification (Chapter 75) and other war-related chapters are rife with information about battlefield, which hints his military background. It is also believed that he might have migrated from the Kalinga country and hence known by the name. He is believed to have lived around the 12th century CE. Kaalingar had great respect for Valluvar and referred to him as "Lord Valluvar" in his work. He is believed to have published his commentary around 1225 CE.
Similar to the commentaries by Paridhiyar, Pariperumal, and Mallar, Kaalingar's commentary is believed to have been originated in the Kongu Region.
Religion
Kaalingar is believed to have been a follower of Jainism.
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