Jean-Jacques Liabeuf
sentenced to death in France
Jean-Jacques Liabeuf, born on 11 January 1886 in Saint-Étienne and guillotined on 1 July 1910 in the 14th arrondissement of Paris, was a French anarchist.
A shoemaker sentenced for pimping, he took revenge by killing an officer of the vice squad and injuring others. A "liabouviste fever" swept through the French capital, with anarchists and sectors of the socialist movement regarding his death sentence as a political crime.
Biographie
Jean-Jacques Liabeuf was born in Saint-Étienne to André Louis Liabeuf and Marie Vignal. His father died when he was four years old and his mother had to bring him up alone, together with his brother. At the age of fourteen, he was taken on as an apprentice in a gunsmith's shop, but only stayed there for six months before starting his training as a shoemaker. At the age of sixteen, when he had completed his apprenticeship, he left the family home to practise his skills as an itinerant shoemaker, travelling from village to village.
Nothing is known of the next four years, except that he returned to his home town and he committed a number of petty thefts that earned him two convictions: on 26 February 1907, he was imprisoned for four months, and on 7 June of the same year he was sentenced to three months and one day for stealing lead. Because of the repeat offence, the sentence was accompanied by a five-year ban on living in Saint-Étienne. On his release, he enlisted and was sent to the African battalions.
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