Jats
traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste and community in northern India and Pakistan. Originally nomadic pastoralists in the lower Indus River Valley of Sindh and Makran, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region, and subsequently into Delhi, northeastern Rajasthan, and the western Gangetic Plain, at the turn of second millennium CE. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, today they mainly inhabit the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and Azad Kashmir and the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Origin and etymology
The Indo-Aryan term Jat (and its female form, Jatni) descends from the Prakrit form Jaṭṭa, itself from Jarta or Jartika, the name of an ancient non-Vedic Bahlika tribe. The first mention of Jats is in an inscription found in modern Gilgit-Baltistan, dated to the 6th or 7th century, which records some Jats as having passed through the area.
Historically, the term 'Jat' was loosely applied to various tribes, especially in West Punjab and Sindh. In Sindh, the romanised term 'Jat' could be used as a transliteration for Jat, or to refer to a member of the "Jath" community. It is also sometimes used pejoratively to refer to a peasant. In Punjab, especially from the Mughal era onwards, the term "Jat" was also used more as a socioeconomic status than an ethnic label, and they were often associated with the peasantry.
The public source identifies “Jats” as traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan. This brief keeps that definition visible, then builds a research path around Jats, traditionally and agricultural.
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Vocabulary and entity names are the principal evidence signals here, because they determine the precision of every later search. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 24, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q1645980.
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This entry incorporates text from “Jats” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.