United States Court of International Trade
court of the United States of America
The United States Court of International Trade (case citations: Ct. Int'l Trade; also abbreviated as CIT) is a United States federal court that adjudicates civil actions arising out of United States customs and international trade laws. Seated in Lower Manhattan, New York City, the court exercises broad jurisdiction over most trade-related matters and is permitted to hear and adjudicate cases originating anywhere in the United States as well as internationally.
The court originated with the Customs Administrative Act of 1890, which established the Board of General Appraisers as a quasi-judicial entity of the United States Department of the Treasury to hear disputes primarily concerning tariffs and import duties. In 1926, Congress replaced the Board with the United States Customs Court, an administrative tribunal with greater judicial functions, which in 1930 was made independent of the Treasury Department. In 1956, the United States Customs Court was reconstituted by Congress as an Article III tribunal, giving it the status and privileges of a federal court. The Customs Courts Act of 1980 established the United States Court of International Trade in its current form, granting it jurisdiction over all trade matters and conferring its judges with life tenure.
The court's subject matter jurisdiction is limited to particular questions in international trade and customs law, though it may also decide any civil action against the United States government, its officers, or its agencies arising out of any law connected to international trade. As an Article III tribunal, the United States Court of International Trade can decide controversies in both law and equity, and is thus allowed to grant relief in virtually all means available, including money judgments, writs of mandamus, and preliminary or permanent injunctions.
Led by a chief judge, the CIT is composed of nine judges appointed by the United States president and confirmed by the United States Senate.
“United States Court of International Trade” enters the record as court of the United States of America. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what United, States and Court can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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Named sources, stable identifiers and responsible institutions provide the strongest route from overview to verifiable evidence. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 24, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q7889681. VIAF identifies the subject as 124344478. The Library of Congress control number is n81063945. Authority coordinates are 40.715, -74.004. 1 of 3 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1890, 1926, 1930 and 1956.
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This entry incorporates text from “United States Court of International Trade” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.