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Jacqueline Means

first woman to be ordained an Episcopal priest

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General referenceInterpretive dossier study · Crown Archives visual atlas
Record originEnglish Wikipedia
Text licenseCC BY-SA 4.0
Source revisionOct 10, 2025
Entity authorityQ22278335 ↗
Source-derived summary

Jacqueline Allene Means (1936–2025) was an American Anglican priest. On January 1, 1977, she became the first woman to be regularly ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. The Episcopal Church's General Convention had approved the ordination of women to the priesthood in September 1976, and this had come into force on New Year's Day 1977. Women had been ordained in 1974 and 1975 (the Philadelphia Eleven and the Washington Four), but as this was without the approval of the General Convention, their ordinations were declared irregular.

Jacqueline Allene Ehringer was born on August 26, 1936, in Peoria, Illinois, to Minnett M. and Theodore R. Ehringer. Her father was a traveling salesman and both of her parents were alcoholics. She attended Roman Catholic schools and dropped out at the age of 16 to marry Delton Means, a truck driver. They had four children and attended an Episcopal church. After passing a high school equivalency test, she became a licensed practical nurse. She later enrolled in seminary courses in Indianapolis.

Editorial summary

Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Jacqueline Means” is first woman to be ordained an Episcopal priest. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Jacqueline, Means and first, not as a finished interpretation.

Editorial reviewA dependable orientation record for establishing vocabulary, names and a first evidence trail. The current lead gives the account dated anchors—1936, 2025, 1977, 1976—that can be checked directly. The linked authority record independently contributes the date 1936. For this dossier, Jacqueline, Means and first is the immediate research focus.
Editorial analysis

Why this record matters

The phrase “first woman to be ordained an Episcopal priest” supplies a clear boundary for inquiry. It also exposes the unanswered questions: who defined that boundary, when it became stable and which sources sit outside it.

Evidence profile

The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Oct 10, 2025. The linked authority identifier is Q22278335. 1 of 1 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1936, 2025, 1977 and 1976.

Critical limits

The absence of detail may reflect summary conventions rather than a lack of surviving documentation. The lead is largely declarative, so disagreement and counter-evidence require a deliberate search beyond the opening account. Authority statements aid reconciliation but still require their own references, qualifiers and ranks to be checked.

How to read it

Use the entry as an orientation point, then follow its citations and revision history. Names, dates and institutional relationships should be checked against the original record.

Best used for
  • Subject orientation
  • Search vocabulary
  • Locating named sources
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Three-step research path

  1. Establish the record: confirm the title “Jacqueline Means”, its source revision and the description used here.
  2. Expand the search: follow Jacqueline Means primary sources, Jacqueline Means archive and Jacqueline research across catalogues and specialist indexes.
  3. Test the account: compare the strongest cited source with the responsible institution’s current record and note any disagreement.

Questions for further research

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Source & attribution

This entry incorporates text from “Jacqueline Means” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.