List of state leaders in the 20th century (1901–1950)

This is a list of state leaders in the 20th century (1901–1950) AD, such as the heads of state, heads of government, and the general secretaries of single-party states.

These polities are generally sovereign states, but excludes minor dependent territories, whose leaders can be found listed under territorial governors in the 20th century. For completeness, these lists can include colonies, protectorates, or other dependent territories that have since gained sovereignty.

Leaders of constituent states within the British South Asia, are excluded, and found on this list of state leaders in 20th-century British South Asia.

Africa

Africa: Central

Angola

Kasanje Kingdom (complete list) –

Ngwangwa, King (1911–1912)

Kingdom of Kongo (complete list) –

vassal to Portugal: 1888–1914

Henrique IV, King (1896–1901)

Pedro VI, King (1901–1910)

Manuel Nkomba, King (1910–1911)

Manuel III, King (1911–1914)

Portuguese Angola, (complete list) –

Colony, 1575–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Cameroon

Fondom of Bafut (complete list) –

Abumbi I, King (1852–1932)

Achirimbi II, King (1932–1961, joined Cameroon)

Duala people (complete list) –

Dika a Mpondo, King, Paramount Chief (pre-1879–c.1905)

Manga Ndumbe Bell, King Paramount Chief (c.1897–?)

Rudolf Duala Manga Bell, King, Paramount Chief (c.1908–1913)

Kamerun (complete list) –

German colony, 1884–1916

For details see the German Empire under central Europe

French Cameroons, part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

League of Nations mandate, 1918–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1960

For details see France under western Europe

British Cameroons part of British West Africa (complete list) –

League of Nations mandate, 1922–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1961

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Central African Republic

Ubangi-Shari part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1903–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Chad

Sultanate of Bagirmi (complete list) –

Gaourang II, Mbang (1885–1918)

vassal to France: from 1912

Mahamat Abdelkader, Mbang (1918–1935)

Wadai Empire (complete list) –

Ahmad Abu al-Ghazali ibn 'Ali, Kolak (1900–1901)

Dud Murra, Kolak (1901–1909)

'Asil, Kolak (1909–1912)

French Chad, part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1900–1960

For details see France under western Europe

Congo: Belgian

Congo Free State

Sovereign –

Leopold II of Belgium, Sovereign (1885–1908)

Governors general (complete list) –

Théophile Wahis, Governor general (1892–1908)

Belgian Congo (complete list) –

Colony, 1908–1960

For details see the Belgium under Western Europe

Congo: French

French Congo part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1882–1910

For details see France under western Europe

French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

Federation of colonies, 1910–1934; Colony, 1934–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Equatorial Guinea

Spanish Guinea (complete list) –

Colony, 1778–1968

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Gabon

Kingdom of Orungu (complete list) –

Rogombé-Nwèntchandi, Agamwinboni (?–1927)

French Gabon, part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1882–1910

For details see France under western Europe

São Tomé and Príncipe

Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (complete list) –

Colony, 1470–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: East

Great Lakes area

Burundi

Kingdom of Burundi (complete list) –

Mwezi IV, King (c.1850–1908)

Mutaga IV, King (1908–1915)

Mwambutsa IV, King (1915–1966)

Ntare V Ndizeye, King (1966)

Ruanda-Urundi (complete list) –

League of Nations mandate of Belgium, 1922–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1962

For details see Belgium under western Europe

Kenya

Wituland (complete list) –

Fumo 'Umar ibn Ahmad, Mfalume (1891–1893, 1895–1923)

East Africa Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1895–1920

Kenya Colony (complete list) –

British colony and protectorate, 1920–1963

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Rwanda

Kingdom of Rwanda (complete list) –

Yuhi V Musinga, King (1896–1931)

Mutara III Rudahigwa, King (1931–1959)

Kigeli V Ndahindurwa, King (1959–1961)

Tanzania

Sultanate of Zanzibar (complete list) –

Hamoud, Sultan (1896–1902)

Ali II, Sultan (1902–1911)

Khalifa II, Sultan (1911–1960)

Abdullah, Sultan (1960–1963)

Jamshid, Sultan (1963–1964)

German East Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1885–1919

For details see the German Empire under central Europe

Tanganyika under Britain (complete list) –

League of Nations mandate of Britain, 1922–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1961

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Uganda

Ankole (complete list) –

Kahaya II, Omugabe (1895–1944)

Gasyonga II, Omugabe (1944–1967)

Buganda (complete list) –

Daudi Chwa II, Kabaka (1897–1939)

Muteesa II, Kabaka (1939–1969)

Bunyoro (complete list) –

Kitahimbwa, Omukama (1898–1902)

Duhaga III, Omukama (1902–1924)

Winyi IV, Omukama (1925–1967)

Uganda Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1894–1962

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Horn of Africa area

Djibouti

French Somaliland (complete list) –

Colony, 1896–1946; Overseas territory, 1946–1967

For details see France under western Europe

Eritrea

Italian Eritrea (complete list) –

Colony, 1890–1936

For details see Italy under southcentral Europe

Ethiopia

Ethiopian Empire (complete list) –

Menelik II, Emperor (1889–1913)

Iyasu V, Emperor (1913–1916)

Zewditu I, Empress (1916–1930)

Haile Selassie I, Emperor (1930–1974)

Italian East Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1936–1941

For details see Italy under southcentral Europe

Sultanate of Aussa (complete list) –

Mahammad ibn Hanfere, Amoyta (1862–1902)

Mahammad ibn Aydahis ibn Hanfere, Amoyta (1902–c.1910)

Yayyo ibn Mahammad ibn Hanfere, Amoyta (c.1902–1927)

Mahammad Yayyo, Amoyta (1927–1944)

Kingdom of Gumma (complete list) –

Firisa, Moti (1899–1902)

Kingdom of Jimma (complete list) –

Abba Jifar II, Moti (1878–1932)

Abba Jofir, Moti (1932)

Leqa Neqemte (complete list) –

Kumsa Mereda, Moti (1888–1923)

Somalia

Dervish state –

Diiriye Guure, sultan (1895–1920)

Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, emir (1899–1920)

Sultanate of the Geledi (complete list) –

Osman Ahmed, Sultan (1878–1911)

Sultanate of Hobyo –

Yusuf Ali Kenadid, Sultan (1870s–early 20th century)

Ali Yusuf Kenadid, Sultan (early 20th century–1926)

Majeerteen Sultanate (complete list) –

Osman Mahamuud, King (1860–c.1924)

Italian Somaliland part of Italian East Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1890–1936

For details see Italy under southcentral Europe

British Occupied territory, 1941–1949

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

British Somaliland (complete list) –

Protectorate, 1884–1940, 1941–1960

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Trust Territory of Somaliland (complete list) –

United Nations trust territory of Italy, 1950–1960

For details see Italy under southcentral Europe

Indian Ocean

Comoros

Sultanate of Mwali (complete list) –

Salima Machamba bint Saidi Hamadi Makadara Queen/Sultan (1888–1909)

Sultanate of Ndzuwani (complete list) –

Saidi Mohamed bin Saidi Omar, Sultan (1892–1912)

French Comoros (complete list) –

Annexed by France, 1841–1843; Colony attached to Mayotte, 1843–1914; Colony attached to French Madagascar, 1914–1946

Territory of the Comoros (complete list) –

French overseas territory, 1946–1961; French autonomous territory, 1961–1975

For details see France under western Europe

Madagascar

French Madagascar (complete list) –

Colony, 1897–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Mauritius

British Mauritius (complete list) –

Colony, 1810–1968

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Seychelles

Colony of Seychelles (1903–1976)

Part of British Mauritius, 1811–1903; British colony, 1903–1976

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Africa: Northcentral

Libya

Italian Libya (complete list) –

Protectorate, 1912–1934; Colony, 1934–1943

For details see Italy under southcentral Europe

Tripolitanian Republic –

Ahmad Tahir al-Murayyid, Chairman (1918–1923)

Allied administration of Libya (UK & France) –

Allied military administration, 1942–1951

Cyrenaica Emirate (complete list) –

Idris, Emir (1949–1951), King (1951–1969)

Tunisia

Beylik of Tunis

Beys (complete list) –

Ali III ibn al-Husayn, Bey (1882–1902)

Muhammad IV al-Hadi, Bey (1902–1906)

Muhammad V an-Nasir, Bey (1906–1922)

Muhammad VI al-Habib, Bey (1922–1929)

Ahmad II ibn Ali, Bey (1929–1942)

Muhammad VII al-Munsif, Bey (1942–1943)

Muhammad VIII al-Amin, Bey (1943–1956)

Grand viziers (complete list) –

Aziz Bouattour, Grand vizier (1882–1907)

M'hamed Djellouli, Grand vizier (1907–1908)

Youssef Djait, Grand vizier (1908–1915)

Taïeb Djellouli, Grand vizier (1915–1922)

Mustapha Dinguizli, Prime minister (1922–1926)

Khelil Bouhageb, Prime minister (1926–1932)

Hédi Lakhoua, Prime minister (1932–1942)

Mohamed Chenik, Prime minister (1943)

Slaheddine Baccouche, Prime minister (1943–1947)

Mustapha Kaak, Prime minister (1947–1950)

Mohamed Chenik, Prime minister (1950–1952)

French protectorate of Tunisia (complete list) –

Protectorate, 1881–1956

For details see France under western Europe

Africa: Northeast

Egypt

Khedivate of Egypt

Under British occupation since 1882

Khedive (complete list) –

Abbas II, Khedive (1892–1914)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Mostafa Fahmy Pasha, Prime minister (1895–1908)

Boutros Ghali, Prime minister (1908–1910)

Mohamed Said Pasha, Prime minister (1910–1914)

Hussein Roshdy Pasha, Prime minister (1914)

Sultanate of Egypt

British protectorate, 1914–1922

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Sultan (complete list) –

Hussein Kamel, Sultan (1914–1917)

Fuad I, Sultan (1917–1922), King (1922–1936)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Hussein Roshdy Pasha, Prime minister (1914–1919)

Mohamed Said Pasha, Prime minister (1919)

Youssef Wahba, Prime minister (1919–1920)

Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha, Prime minister (1920–1921)

Adly Yakan Pasha, Prime minister (1921–1922)

Kingdom of Egypt

King (complete list) –

Fuad I, Sultan (1917–1922), King (1922–1936)

Farouk I, King (1936–1952)

British High Commissioners (complete list) –

Milne Cheetham, Acting High Commissioner (1914–1915)

Henry McMahon, High Commissioner (1915–1917)

Francis Reginald Wingate, High Commissioner (1917–1919)

Edmund Allenby, High Commissioner (1919–1925)

George Lloyd, High Commissioner (1925–1929)

Percy Loraine, High Commissioner (1929–1933)

Miles Lampson, High Commissioner (1934–1936)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Abdel Khalek Sarwat Pasha, Prime minister (1922)

Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha, Prime minister (1922–1923)

Yehya Ibrahim Pasha, Prime minister (1923–1924)

Saad Zaghloul, Prime minister (1924)

Ahmed Zeiwar Pasha, Prime minister (1924–1926)

Adly Yakan Pasha, Prime minister (1926–1927)

Abdel Khalek Sarwat Pasha, Prime minister (1927–1928)

Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime minister (1928)

Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, Prime minister (1928–1929)

Adly Yakan Pasha, Prime minister (1929–1930)

Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime minister (1930)

Ismail Sedky, Prime minister (1930–1933)

Abdel Fattah Yahya Pasha, Prime minister (1933–1934)

Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha, Prime minister (1934–1936)

Aly Maher Pasha, Prime minister (1936)

Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime minister (1936–1937)

Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, Prime minister (1937–1939)

Aly Maher Pasha, Prime minister (1939–1940)

Hassan Sabry Pasha, Prime minister (1940)

Hussein Serry Pasha, Prime minister (1940–1942)

Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime minister (1942–1944)

Ahmad Mahir Pasha, Prime minister (1944–1945)

Mahmoud El Nokrashy Pasha, Prime minister (1945–1946)

Ismail Sedky, Prime minister (1946)

Mahmoud El Nokrashy Pasha, Prime minister (1946–1948)

Ibrahim Abdel Hady Pasha, Prime minister (1948–1949)

Hussein Serry Pasha, Prime minister (1949–1950)

Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime minister (1950–1952)

Sudan

Sultanate of Darfur (complete list) –

Ali Dinar, Sultan (1898–1916)

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (complete list / complete list) –

Condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt, 1899–1956

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Africa: Northwest

Algeria

French Algeria (complete list) –

French Départements, 1830–1962

For details see France under western Europe

Morocco and Western Sahara

Sultanate of Morocco: Alaouite dynasty (complete list) –

Abdelaziz, Sultan (1894–1908)

Abdelhafid, Sultan (1908–1912)

French protectorate, 1912–1956; Spanish protectorate, 1912–1956; Tangier International Zone, 1924–1956

Yusef, Sultan (1912–1927)

Mohammed V, Sultan (1927–1953, 1955–1957), King (1957–1961)

Republic of the Rif –

Abd el-Krim, President (1921–1926)

Spanish Sahara, (complete list) –

Overseas territory, 1884–1958; Overseas province, 1958–1975

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Africa: South

Botswana

Bechuanaland Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1885–1966

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Eswatini/ Swaziland

Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland)

tiNdlovukati (complete list) –

Labotsibeni Mdluli, Ndlovukati (1894–1925), Queen Regent (1899–1903) Queen Regent under British rule (1903–1921)

Protectorate of Swaziland

British protectorate, 1906–1968

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Kings (complete list) –

Sobhuza II, Paramount Chief under British rule (1921–1968), King (1968–1982)

tiNdlovukati (complete list) –

Labotsibeni Mdluli, Ndlovukati (1894–1925), Queen Regent (1899–1903) Queen Regent under British rule (1903–1921)

Lomawa Ndwandwe, Ndlovukati (1925–1938)

Nukwase Ndwandwe, Ndlovukati (1938–1957)

Lesotho

Basutoland (complete list) –

British colony, 1884–1966

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Paramount Chiefs (complete list) –

Lerotholi, Paramount Chief (1891–1905)

Letsie II, Paramount Chief (1905–1913)

Nathaniel Griffith Lerotholi, Paramount Chief (1913–1939)

Simon Seeiso Griffith, Paramount Chief (1939–1940)

Gabasheane Masupha, Regent (1940–1941)

'Mantšebo, Regent (1941–1960)

Malawi

British Central Africa Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1893–1907

Nyasaland (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1907–1964

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Mozambique

Angoche Sultanate –

Umar Farelay (also known as Mahamuieva), Sultan (c.1890–1910)

Portuguese Mozambique (complete list) –

Colony, 1498–1972; Territory, 1972–1975

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Namibia

German South West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1884–1915

For details see the German Empire under central Europe

South West Africa (complete list) –

League of Nations mandate of South Africa, 1915–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1990

For details see the South African Republic under southern Africa

South Africa

British Central Africa Protectorate (complete list) –

Protectorate, 1893–1907

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Cape Colony (complete list) –

British colony, 1795–1910

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Colony of Natal (complete list) –

British colony, 1843–1910

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Orange Free State (complete list) –

Martinus Theunis Steyn, State President (1896–1902)

Christiaan de Wet, Acting State President (1902)

Orange River Colony (complete list) –

British colony, 1902–1910

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

South African Republic (complete list) –

Schalk Willem Burger, Acting State President (1900–1902)

Transvaal Colony (complete list) –

British colony, 1877–1881, 1902–1910

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Union of South Africa

Monarchs (complete list) –

George V, King (1910–1936)

Edward VIII, King (1936)

George VI, King (1936–1952)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Louis Botha, Prime minister (1910–1919)

Jan Smuts, Prime minister (1919–1924)

J. B. M. Hertzog, Prime minister (1924–1939)

Jan Smuts, Prime minister (1939–1948)

Daniel François Malan, Prime minister (1948–1954)

Zambia

Kazembe –

Kanyembo Ntemena, Mwata (1883–1885, 1886–1904)

Barotseland (complete list) –

Lubosi I, Mbumu wa Litunga (1885–1916)

Mokamba–Regent, Mbumu wa Litunga (1916)

Yeta III, Mbumu wa Litunga (1916–1945)

Shemakone Kalonga Wina, Regent (1945–1946)

Imwiko Lewanika, Mbumu wa Litunga (1946–1948)

Shemakone Kalonga Wina, Regent (1948)

Mwanawina III, Mbumu wa Litunga (1948–1968)

Company rule in Rhodesia by the British South Africa Company (complete list) –

Company rule, 1890–1924

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Northern Rhodesia (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1924–1964

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Zimbabwe

Southern Rhodesia (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1924–1964

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Africa: West

Benin

Kingdom of Agwe –

State reconstituted under joint Franco-German colonial authority (1901)

Abalo Bajavi, King (1901–1930)

Kofi Titriwe, King (1930–1935)

Augustino Olympio, King (1937–1945)

Kponton II, King (1946–1949)

Kingdom of Dahomey (Dahomey kings) (French presidents) –

French Protectorate, 1894–1904

For details see France under western Europe

French Dahomey, part of French West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1904–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Hogbonu (complete list) –

Toffa I, Ahosu (1874–1908)

Burkina Faso

Kingdom of Koala (complete list) –

Yenkuaga, King (c.1878–1917)

Labidiedo, King (1918–1920)

Yenkpaari, King (1920–1937)

Yempaabu, King (1941–1986)

Mossi Kingdom of Bilanga (complete list) –

Buricimba dynasty

Yaaparigu, Bilanbedo (1887–1919)

Boagri, Bilanbedo (1919)

Hampandi, Bilanbedo (1919–1927)

Banyikuba, Bilanbedo (1927–1970)

Mossi Kingdom of Bilayanga (complete list) –

Yenhamma, ruler (unknown date)

Wurijuari, ruler (20th century)

Yentagma, ruler (20th century)

Mossi Kingdom of Bongandini (complete list) –

Hampandi, ruler (1899–1923)

Mossi Kingdom of Con (complete list) –

Baahamma, ruler (1892–1905)

Hamicuuri, ruler (1905–1942)

Yencabri, ruler (1942–1969)

Mossi Kingdom of Gwiriko (complete list) –

Pintyeba Wattara, ruler (1897–1909)

Karamoko, ruler (1909–1915)

Mossi Kingdom of Kuala (complete list) –

Yenkuagu, ruler (1878–1917)

Labidiedo, ruler (1918–1920)

Yenkpaari, ruler (1920–1937)

Interregnum, ruler (1937–1941)

Yempaabu, ruler (1941–?)

Mossi Kingdom of Liptako (complete list) –

Brahima Usman, Almami (1891–1915)

Bubakar bi Amadu Baba Gedal, Almami (1916–1918)

Abdurahman Diko bi Amadu, Almami (1918–1932)

Abdullahi Sandu bi Faruku, Almami (1932–1956)

Mossi Kingdom of Macakoali (complete list) –

Huntani, Boopo (1897–1902)

Yenmiama, Boopo (1902–1906)

Haminari, Boopo (1906–1910)

Simadari, Boopo (1910–1932)

Hamicuuri, Boopo (1932–1932)

Yensongu, Boopo (1932–1932)

Wurabiari, Boopo (1932–1937)

Yaaparigu, Boopo (1937–1943)

Wuracaari, Boopo (1943–1945)

Yendieri, Boopo (1945–1976)

Mossi Kingdom of Nungu (complete list) –

Bancandi, Nunbado (1892–1911)

Mossi Kingdom of Pama –

Baahamma, Jafuali (1878–1918)

Hamicuuri, Jafuali (1918–1919)

Yenkoari, Jafuali (1919–1929)

Yenhamma, Jafuali (1929–1938)

Huntani, Jafuali (1938–1952)

Mossi Kingdom of Piéla (complete list) –

Yentandi, Pielabedo (1856–1901)

Kupiendieri, Pielabedo (1901–1932)

Yentugri, Pielabedo (1932–1949)

Yensongu, Pielabedo (1949–?)

Mossi Kingdom of Tenkodogo (complete list) –

Koom, Naaba (?–1933)

Yamba Sorgo, Naaba (1933–1957)

Mossi Kingdom of Wogodogo (complete list) –

Naaba Sigiri, Moogo-naaba (1897–1905)

Naaba Koom II, Moogo-naaba (1905–1942)

Naaba Saaga II, Moogo-naaba (1942–1957)

Mossi Kingdom of Yatenga (complete list) –

Naaba Ligidi, Yatenga naaba (1899–1902)

Naaba Kobga, Yatenga naaba (1902–1914)

Naaba Tigre, Yatenga naaba (1914–1954)

French Upper Volta part of French West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1919–1932, 1947–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Cape Verde

Portuguese Cape Verde (complete list) –

Colony, 1462–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Gambia

Gambia Colony and Protectorate (complete list) –

British colony and protectorate, 1821–1965

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Ghana

Kingdom of Ashanti (complete list) –

Prempeh I, Asantehene (1888–1902)

Osei Tutu Agyeman Prempeh II, Asantehene (1935–1957)

Gold Coast (complete list) –

British colony, 1821–1957

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Guinea

French Guinea part of French West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1894–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Guinea-Bissau

Portuguese Guinea (complete list) –

Colony, 1474–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Ivory Coast

French Ivory Coast part of French West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1893–1960

For details see France under western Europe

Liberia

Liberia (complete list) –

Garretson W. Gibson, President (1900–1904)

Arthur Barclay, President (1904–1912)

Daniel Edward Howard, President (1912–1920)

Charles D. B. King, President (1920–1930)

Edwin Barclay, President (1930–1944)

William Tubman, President (1944–1971)

Mali

French Sudan part of French West Africa (complete list) –

Colony, 1880–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Mauritania

Colonial Mauritania part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1903–1960

For details see France under western Europe

Niger

Dendi Kingdom: Askiya dynasty (complete list) –

Malla, Askiya (1887–1901)

Igoumou, Askiya (1901)

Dosso Kingdom (complete list) –

Zarmakoy Attikou, King (1897–1902)

Zarmakoy Aoûta/Awta, King (1902–1913)

Zarmakoy Moussa, King (1913–1924)

Zarmakoy Saidou, King (1924–1938)

Zarmakoy Moumouni, King (1938–1953)

Upper Senegal and Niger part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1904–1921

Colony of Niger part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1921–1960

For details see France under western Europe

Nigeria

Adamawa Emirate –

Zubayru bi Adama, Baban-Lamido (1890–1901)

Baba Ahmadu, Baban-Lamido (1901–1903)

Akwa Akpa (Old Calabar) –

Eyo Etinyin, King (c.1896–c.1903)

Kingdom of Bonny –

Ate, Regent (1892–1914)

Egba Ake –

Gbadebo I, Alake (1898–1920)

Ladapo Samuel Ademola II, Alake (1872–1962), in exile (1948–1950), ruler (1920–1962)

Ilorin Emirate –

Sulaymanu dan Aliyu, Emir (1896–1914)

Shuaybu Bawa dan Zubayru, Emir (1915–1919)

Abdulkadir Dan Bawa, Emir (1920–1959)

Kano Emirate

Emirs (complete list) –

Aliyu Babba, Emir (1894–1903)

Grand Viziers

Ahmadu Mai Shahada, Grand Vizier (1889–1903)

Kingdom of Nri (complete list) –

Òbalíke, Eze Nri (1889–1911)

Nupe Kingdom (complete list) –

Abu Bakr dan Masaba, Etsu (1895–1897, 1899–1901)

Opobo (complete list)–

Obiesigha Jaja II (Frederick Sunday), King (1893–1915)

Dipiri (Arthur Mac Pepple), King (1916–1936)

Sodienye Jaja III (Douglas Mac Pepple), (1936–1942, 1952–1980)

Stephen Ubogu Jaja IV, acting King (1942–1946)

Sokoto Caliphate

Sultans (complete list) –

Abdur Rahman Atiku, Sultan (1891–1902)

Muhammadu Attahiru I, Sultan (1902–1903)

Grand viziers (complete list) –

Muhammadu al-Bukhari, Grand Vizier (1890–1903)

Suleja Emirate (complete list) –

Ibrahim "Iyalai" "Dodon Gwari", Emir (1877–1902)

Muhammad Gani, Emir (1902–1917)

Musa Angulu, Emir (1917–1944)

Sulaimanu Barau, Emir (1944–1979)

Yauri Emirate –

Abd Allahi Abarshi dan 'Ali dan Yerima, Emir (1888–1904)

Oil Rivers Protectorate/ Niger Coast Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1884–1893/ 1893–1900

Lagos Colony (complete list) –

British colony, 1821–1957

Northern Nigeria Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1900–1914

Southern Nigeria Protectorate (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1900–1914

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Senegal

Kingdom of Sine (complete list) –

Mahecor Joof, Maad a Sinig (1924–c.1960)

Saloum (complete list) –

Fode N'Gouye Joof, Maad Saloum (1935–c.1960)

Senegambia and Niger part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1902–1904

Upper Senegal and Niger part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1904–1921

French Senegal part of French West Africa (complete list) –

French colony, 1848–1960

For details see France under western Europe

French West Africa (complete list) –

Federation of colonies, 1895–1958

For details see France under western Europe

Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate, British colony (complete list) –

British colony and protectorate, 1808–1961

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Togo

German Togoland, German protectorate (complete list) –

Protectorate, 1884–1916

For details see the German Empire under central Europe

British Togoland (complete list) –

League of Nations Mandate Territory, 1916–1946; United Nations Trust Territory, 1946–1956

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

French Togoland (complete list) –

League of Nations Mandate Territory, 1916–1946; United Nations Trust Territory, 1946–1960

For details see France under western Europe

Americas

Americas: Caribbean

Cuba

Republic of Cuba

Presidents (complete list) –

Tomás Estrada Palma, President (1902–1906)

US occupation (1906–1909)

José Miguel Gómez, President (1909–1913)

Mario García Menocal, President (1913–1921)

Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso, President (1921–1925)

Gerardo Machado, President (1925–1933)

Alberto Herrera y Franchi, Interim President (1933)

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada, President (1933)

Pentarchy of 1933

Ramón Grau, President (1933–1934)

Carlos Hevia, Interim President (1934)

Manuel Márquez Sterling, Interim President (1934)

Carlos Mendieta, Interim President (1934–1935)

José Agripino Barnet, Interim President (1935–1936)

Miguel Mariano Gómez, President (1936)

Federico Laredo Brú, President (1936–1940)

Fulgencio Batista, President (1940–1944)

Ramón Grau, President (1944–1948)

Carlos Prío Socarrás, President (1948–1952)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Carlos Saladrigas Zayas, Prime minister (1940–1942)

Ramón Zaydín, Prime minister (1942–1944)

Anselmo Alliegro y Milá, Prime minister (1944)

Félix Lancís Sánchez, Prime minister (1944–1945)

Carlos Prío Socarrás, Prime minister (1945–1947)

Raúl López del Castillo, Prime minister (1947–1948)

Manuel Antonio de Varona, Prime minister (1948–1950)

Félix Lancís Sánchez, Prime minister (1950–1951)

Dominican Republic

Second Dominican Republic (complete list) –

Juan Isidro Jimenes Pereyra, President (1899–1902)

Horacio Vásquez, President of the Provisional Government Junta (1902–1903)

Alejandro Woss y Gil, President (1903)

Carlos Felipe Morales, President (1903–1905)

Manuel Lamarche García, Emiliano Tejera, Andrés Julio Montolío, Francisco Leonte Vásquez Lajara, Carlos Ginebra, Eladio Victoria, Federico Velásquez y Hernández, Council of Secretaries of State (1905–1906)

Ramón Cáceres, President (1906–1911)

Miguel Antonio Román, José María Cabral, Manuel de Jesús Troncoso de la Concha, Federico Velásquez y Hernández, Manuel Lamarche García, Emilio Tejera, Rafael Díaz, Council of Secretaries of State (1911)

Eladio Victoria, President (1911–1912)

Adolfo Alejandro Nouel, Provisional President (1912–1913)

José Bordas Valdez, Provisional President (1913–1914)

Ramón Báez, Provisional President (1914)

Juan Isidro Jimenes Pereyra, President (1914–1916)

Jaime Mota, Bernardo Pichardo, José Manuel Jimenes, Federico Velásquez y Hernández, Council of Secretaries of State (1916)

Francisco Henríquez y Carvajal, President (1916)

Third Dominican Republic (complete list) –

Juan Bautista Vicini Burgos, Provisional President (1922–1924)

Horacio Vásquez, President (1924–1930)

Rafael Estrella Ureña, Acting President (1930)

Rafael Trujillo, President (1930–1938)

Jacinto Peynado, President (1938–1940)

Manuel de Jesús Troncoso de la Concha, President (1940–1942)

Rafael Trujillo, President (1942–1952)

Haiti

Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)

Heads of state (complete list) –

Tirésias Simon Sam, President (1896–1902)

Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, Provisional President (1902)

Pierre Nord Alexis, President (1902–1908)

François C. Antoine Simon, President (1908–1911)

Cincinnatus Leconte, President (1911–1912)

Tancrède Auguste, President (1912–1913)

Michel Oreste, President (1913–1914)

Oreste Zamor, President (1914)

Joseph Davilmar Théodore, President (1914–1915)

Vilbrun Guillaume Sam, President (1915)

Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave, President (1915–1922)

Louis Borno, President (1922–1930)

Louis Eugène Roy, President (1930)

Sténio Vincent, President (1930–1941)

Élie Lescot, President (1941–1946)

Franck Lavaud, Chairman of the Military Executive Committee (1946)

Dumarsais Estimé, President (1946–1950)

Franck Lavaud, Chairman of the Government Junta (1950)

Paul Magloire, President (1950–1956)

Americas: Central

Costa Rica

First Costa Rican Republic (complete list) –

Rafael Yglesias Castro, President (1894–1902)

Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra, President (1902–1906)

Cleto González Víquez, President (1906–1910)

Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President (1910–1914)

Alfredo González Flores, President (1914–1917)

Federico Tinoco Granados, President (1917–1919)

Juan Quirós Segura, President (1919)

Francisco Aguilar Barquero, President (1919–1920)

Julio Acosta García, President (1920–1924)

Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President (1924–1928)

Cleto González Víquez, President (1928–1932)

Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President (1932–1936)

León Cortés Castro, President (1936–1940)

Rafael Calderón Guardia, President (1940–1944)

Teodoro Picado Michalski, President (1944–1948)

Santos León Herrera, Interim President (1948)

Republic of Costa Rica (complete list) –

José Figueres Ferrer, President (1948–1949)

Otilio Ulate Blanco, President (1949–1953)

El Salvador

El Salvador (complete list) –

Tomás Regalado, President (1898–1903)

Pedro José Escalón, President (1903–1907)

Fernando Figueroa, President (1907–1911)

Manuel Enrique Araujo, President (1911–1913)

Carlos Meléndez Ramirez, Provisional President (1913–1914)

Alfonso Quiñónez Molina, Provisional President (1914–1915)

Carlos Meléndez Ramirez, President (1915–1918)

Alfonso Quiñónez Molina, Provisional President (1918–1919)

Jorge Meléndez, President (1919–1923)

Alfonso Quiñónez Molina, President (1923–1927)

Pío Romero Bosque, President (1927–1931)

Arturo Araujo, President (1931)

Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, Provisional President (1931–1934)

Andrés Ignacio Menéndez, Provisional President (1934–1935)

Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, President (1935–1944)

Andrés Ignacio Menéndez, Provisional President (1944)

Osmín Aguirre y Salinas, Provisional President (1944–1945)

Salvador Castaneda Castro, President (1945–1948)

Revolutionary Council of Government, (1948–1950)

Óscar Osorio, President (1950–1956)

Guatemala

Guatemala (complete list) –

Manuel Estrada Cabrera, President (1898–1920)

Carlos Herrera, President (1920–1921)

José María Orellana, President (1921–1926)

Lázaro Chacón González, President (1926–1931)

José María Reina Andrade, Acting President (1931)

Jorge Ubico, President (1931–1944)

Juan Federico Ponce Vaides, Acting President (1944)

Revolutionary Government Junta, President (1944–1945)

Juan José Arévalo, President (1945–1951)

Honduras

Honduras (complete list) –

Terencio Sierra, President (1899–1903)

Juan Ángel Arias Boquín, President (1903)

Manuel Bonilla, President (1903–1907)

Miguel Oquelí Bustillo, Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta (1907)

Miguel R. Dávila, President (1907–1911)

Francisco Bertrand, Acting President (1911–1912)

Manuel Bonilla, President (1912–1913)

Francisco Bertrand, President (1913–1919)

Salvador Aguirre, Acting President (1919)

Vicente Mejía Colindres, Acting President (1919)

Francisco Bográn, Acting President (1919–1920)

Rafael López Gutiérrez, President (1920–1924)

Francisco Bueso, Acting President (1924)

Tiburcio Carías Andino, President as First Chief of the Liberating Revolution (1924)

Vicente Tosta, Provisional President (1924–1925)

Miguel Paz Barahona, President (1925–1929)

Vicente Mejía Colindres, President (1929–1933)

Tiburcio Carías Andino, President (1933–1949)

Juan Manuel Gálvez, President (1949–1954)

Nicaragua

Nicaragua (complete list) –

José Santos Zelaya, President (1893–1909)

José Madriz, Acting President (1909–1910)

José Dolores Estrada, Acting President (1910)

Luis Mena, Acting President (1910)

Juan José Estrada, Provisional President (1910–1911)

Adolfo Díaz, President (1911–1917)

Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, President (1917–1921)

Diego Manuel Chamorro, President (1921–1923)

Rosendo Chamorro, Acting President (1923)

Bartolomé Martínez, President (1923–1925)

Carlos José Solórzano, President (1925–1926)

Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, de facto President (1926)

Sebastián Uriza, Acting President (1926)

Adolfo Díaz, President (1926–1929)

José María Moncada, President (1929–1933)

Juan Bautista Sacasa, President (1933–1936)

Carlos Alberto Brenes, Acting President (1936–1937)

Anastasio Somoza García, President (1937–1947)

Leonardo Argüello Barreto, President (1947)

Benjamín Lacayo Sacasa, Acting President (1947)

Víctor Manuel Román y Reyes, President (1947–1950)

Manuel Fernando Zurita, Acting President (1950)

Anastasio Somoza García, President (1950–1956)

Panama

Panama (complete list) –

Manuel Amador Guerrero, President (1904–1908)

José Domingo de Obaldía, President (1908–1910)

Carlos Antonio Mendoza, Acting President (1910)

Federico Boyd, Acting President (1910)

Pablo Arosemena, Acting President (1910–1912)

Belisario Porras Barahona, President (1912–1916)

Ramón Maximiliano Valdés, President (1916–1918)

Ciro Luis Urriola, Acting President (1918)

Pedro Antonio Díaz, Acting President (1918)

Belisario Porras Barahona, President (1918–1920)

Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre, Acting President (1920)

Belisario Porras Barahona, President (1920–1924)

Rodolfo Chiari, President (1924–1928)

Florencio Harmodio Arosemena, President (1928–1931)

Harmodio Arias Madrid, Acting President (1931)

Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované, President (1931–1932)

Harmodio Arias Madrid, President (1932–1936)

Juan Demóstenes Arosemena, President (1936–1939)

Ezequiel Fernández, Acting President (1939)

Augusto Samuel Boyd, Acting President (1939–1940)

Arnulfo Arias, President (1940–1941)

Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango, President (1941–1945)

Enrique Adolfo Jiménez, Provisional President (1945–1948)

Domingo Díaz Arosemena, President (1948–1949)

Daniel Chanis Pinzón, President (1949)

Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón, President (1949)

Arnulfo Arias, President (1949–1951)

Americas: North

Canada

Canada

Monarchs (complete list) –

George V, King (1931–1936)

Edward VIII, King (1936)

George VI, King (1936–1952)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Wilfrid Laurier, Prime minister (1896–1911)

Robert Borden, Prime minister (1911–1920)

Arthur Meighen, Prime minister (1920–1921)

William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime minister (1921–1926)

Arthur Meighen, Prime minister (1926)

William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime minister (1926–1930)

R. B. Bennett, Prime minister (1930–1935)

William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime minister (1935–1948)

Louis St. Laurent, Prime minister (1948–1957)

Newfoundland Colony (complete list) –

British colony, 1610–1907

Dominion of Newfoundland (complete list) –

Monarchs (complete list) –

Edward VII, King (1907–1910)

George V, King (1910–1936)

George VI, King (1936–1949)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Robert Bond, Prime minister (1907–1909)

Edward Morris, Prime minister (1909–1917)

John Chalker Crosbie, Prime minister (1917–1918)

William F. Lloyd, Prime minister (1918–1919)

Michael Patrick Cashin, Prime minister (1919)

Richard Squires, Prime minister (1919–1923)

William Warren, Prime minister (1923–1924)

Albert Hickman, Prime minister (1924)

Walter Stanley Monroe, Prime minister (1924–1928)

Richard Squires, Prime minister (1928–1932)

Frederick C. Alderdice, Prime minister (1928, 1932–1934)

Mexico

Mexico (complete list) –

Porfirio Díaz, President (1884–1911)

Francisco León de la Barra, President (1911)

Francisco I. Madero, President (1911–1913)

Pedro Lascuráin, President (1913)

Victoriano Huerta, President (1913–1914)

Francisco S. Carvajal, President (1914)

Eulalio Gutiérrez, President (1914–1915)

Roque González Garza, President (1915)

Francisco Lagos Cházaro, Provisional President (1915)

Venustiano Carranza, First Chief of the Constitutional Army (1914–1917), President (1917–1920)

Adolfo de la Huerta, President (1920)

Álvaro Obregón, President (1920–1924)

Plutarco Elías Calles, President (1924–1928)

Emilio Portes Gil, Interim President (1928–1930)

Pascual Ortiz Rubio, President (1930–1932)

Abelardo L. Rodríguez, President (1932–1934)

Lázaro Cárdenas, President (1934–1940)

Manuel Ávila Camacho, President (1940–1946)

Miguel Alemán Valdés, President (1946–1952)

United States

United States (complete list) –

William McKinley, President (1897–1901)

Theodore Roosevelt, President (1901–1909)

William Howard Taft, President (1909–1913)

Woodrow Wilson, President (1913–1921)

Warren G. Harding, President (1921–1923)

Calvin Coolidge, President (1923–1929)

Herbert Hoover, President (1929–1933)

Franklin D. Roosevelt, President (1933–1945)

Harry S. Truman, President (1945–1953)

Cherokee Nation (complete list) –

Thomas Buffington, Principal Chief (1899–1903)

William Charles Rogers, Principal Chief (1903–1905, 1906–1907)

Frank J. Boudinot, Principal Chief (1905–1906)

Americas: South

Argentina

Argentine Republic (complete list) –

Julio Argentino Roca, President (1898–1904)

Manuel Quintana, President (1904–1906)

José Figueroa Alcorta, President (1906–1910)

Roque Sáenz Peña, President (1910–1914)

Victorino de la Plaza, President (1914–1916)

Hipólito Yrigoyen, President (1916–1922)

Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, President (1922–1928)

Hipólito Yrigoyen, President (1928–1930)

José Félix Uriburu, President (1930–1932)

Agustín Pedro Justo, President (1932–1938)

Roberto María Ortiz, President (1938–1942)

Ramón Castillo, President (1942–1943)

Arturo Rawson, de facto President (1943)

Pedro Pablo Ramírez, de facto President (1943–1944)

Edelmiro Julián Farrell, de facto President (1944–1946)

Juan Perón, President (1946–1955)

Bolivia

Bolivia (complete list) –

José Manuel Pando, President (1899–1904)

Ismael Montes, President (1904–1909)

Eliodoro Villazón, President (1909–1913)

Ismael Montes, President (1913–1917)

José Gutiérrez Guerra, President (1917–1920)

Government Junta, Members: Bautista Saavedra, José María Escalier, José Manuel Ramírez (1920–1921)

Bautista Saavedra, President (1921–1925)

Felipe S. Guzmán, Provisional President (1925–1926)

Hernando Siles Reyes, President (1926–1930)

Council of Ministers, Members: Alberto Díez de Medina, Germán Antelo Arauz, Franklin Mercado, David Toro, José Aguirre Achá, Fidel Vega, Carlos Banzer, Ezequiel Romecín Calderón (1930)

Carlos Blanco Galindo, Chairman of the Military Government Junta (1930–1931)

Daniel Salamanca Urey, President (1931–1934)

José Luis Tejada Sorzano, President (1934–1936)

Germán Busch, Chairman of the Government Junta (1936)

David Toro, Chairman of the Government Junta (1936–1937)

Germán Busch, Chairman of the Government Junta (1937–1938), President (1938–1939)

Carlos Quintanilla, Provisional President (1939–1940)

Enrique Peñaranda, President (1940–1943)

Gualberto Villarroel, Chairman of the Government Junta (1943–1944), President (1944–1946)

Néstor Guillén, Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta (1946)

Tomás Monje, Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta (1946–1947)

Enrique Hertzog, President (1947–1949)

Mamerto Urriolagoitía, President (1949–1951)

Brazil

First Brazilian Republic (complete list) –

Campos Sales, President (1898–1902)

Rodrigues Alves, President (1902–1906)

Afonso Pena, President (1906–1909)

Nilo Peçanha, President (1909–1910)

Hermes da Fonseca, President (1910–1914)

Venceslau Brás, President (1914–1918)

Delfim Moreira, President (1918–1919)

Epitácio Pessoa, President (1919–1922)

Artur Bernardes, President (1922–1926)

Washington Luís, President (1926–1930)

Republic of Acre (pt:complete list) –

José Plácido de Castro, President (1902–1904)

Vargas Era Brazil (complete list) –

Military Junta: Augusto Fragoso, Isaías de Noronha, Mena Barreto, President (1930)

Getúlio Vargas, President (1930–1945)

José Linhares, President (1945–1946)

Fourth Brazilian Republic (complete list) –

Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President (1946–1951)

Chile

Parliamentary Era Chile (complete list) –

Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, President (1896–1901)

Germán Riesco, President (1901–1906)

Pedro Montt, President (1906–1910)

Ramón Barros Luco, President (1910–1915)

Juan Luis Sanfuentes, President (1915–1920)

Arturo Alessandri, President (1920–1924)

Luis Altamirano, President of Government Junta (1924–1925)

Pedro Dartnell, Provisional President (1925)

Emilio Bello Codesido, President of Government Junta (1925)

Presidential Republic (1925–1973) of Chile (complete list) –

Arturo Alessandri, President (1925)

Emiliano Figueroa, President (1925–1927)

Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, President (1927–1931)

Juan Esteban Montero, President (1931–1932)

Arturo Puga, President of Government Junta (1932)

Carlos Dávila, Provisional President (1932)

Bartolomé Blanche, Provisional President (1932)

Abraham Oyanedel, Acting President (1932)

Arturo Alessandri, President (1932–1938)

Pedro Aguirre Cerda, President (1938–1941)

Juan Antonio Ríos, President (1942–1946)

Gabriel González Videla, President (1946–1952)

Colombia

Republic of Colombia (complete list) –

José Manuel Marroquín, President (1900–1904)

Rafael Reyes Prieto, President (1904–1909)

Ramón González Valencia, President (1909–1910)

Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo, President (1910–1914)

José Vicente Concha Ferreira, President (1914–1918)

Marco Fidel Suárez, President (1918–1921)

Jorge Holguín, President (1921–1922)

Pedro Nel Ospina Vázquez, President (1922–1926)

Miguel Abadía Méndez, President (1926–1930)

Enrique Olaya Herrera, President (1930–1934)

Alfonso López Pumarejo, President (1934–1938)

Eduardo Santos Montejo, President (1938–1942)

Alfonso López Pumarejo, President (1942–1946)

Mariano Ospina Pérez, President (1946–1950)

Laureano Gómez Castro, President (1950–1953)

Ecuador

Ecuador (complete list) –

Eloy Alfaro, Jéfe Supremo (1895–1896), Interim President (1896–1897), President (1897–1901)

Leónidas Plaza, President (1901–1905)

Lizardo García, President (1905–1906)

Eloy Alfaro, Jéfe Supremo (1906), Interim President (1906–1907), President (1907–1911)

Carlos Freile Zaldumbide, Acting President (1911)

Emilio Estrada, President (1911)

Carlos Freile Zaldumbide, Acting President (1911–1912)

Francisco Andrade Marín, Acting President (1912)

Alfredo Baquerizo, Acting President (1912)

Leónidas Plaza, President (1912–1916)

Alfredo Baquerizo, President (1916–1920)

José Luis Tamayo, President (1920–1924)

Gonzalo Córdova, President (1924–1925)

Provisional Government (1925–1926)

Isidro Ayora, Interim President (1926–1929), President (1929–1931)

Luis Larrea Alba, Minister of Government (1931)

Alfredo Baquerizo, President of the Senate (1931–1932)

Carlos Freile Larrea, Minister of Government (1932)

Alberto Guerrero Martínez, President of the Senate (1932)

Juan de Dios Martínez, President (1932–1933)

Abelardo Montalvo, Acting President (1933–1934)

José María Velasco Ibarra, President (1934–1935)

Antonio Pons, Acting President (1935)

Federico Páez, Jéfe Supremo (1935–1937)

Alberto Enríquez Gallo, Jéfe Supremo (1937–1938)

Manuel María Borrero, Interim President (1938)

Aurelio Mosquera, President (1938–1939)

Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, Acting President (1939)

Andrés Córdova, Acting President (1939–1940)

Julio Enrique Moreno, Acting President (1940)

Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, President (1940–1944)

Julio Teodoro Salem, Acting President (1944)

José María Velasco Ibarra, President of the Republic (1944), Constitutional President (1944–1946), President of the Republic (1946), Constitutional President (1946–1947)

Carlos Mancheno Cajas, Jéfe Supremo (1947)

Mariano Suárez Veintimilla, President (1947)

C.J. Arosemena Tola, President (1947–1948)

Galo Plaza, President (1948–1952)

Guyana

British Guiana (complete list) –

British colony, 1814–1966

For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Paraguay

Republic of Paraguay (complete list) –

Emilio Aceval, President (1898–1902)

Andrés Héctor Carvallo, President (1902)

Juan Antonio Escurra, President (1902–1904)

Juan Bautista Gaona, President (1904–1905)

Cecilio Báez, President (1905–1906)

Benigno Ferreira, President (1906–1908)

Emiliano González Navero, President (1908–1910)

Manuel Gondra, President (1910–1911)

Albino Jara, President (1911)

Liberato Marcial Rojas, President (1911–1912)

Pedro Peña, President (1912)

Emiliano González Navero, President (1912)

Eduardo Schaerer, President (1912–1916)

Manuel Franco, President (1916–1919)

José Pedro Montero, President (1919–1920)

Manuel Gondra, President (1920–1921)

Eusebio Ayala, President (1921–1923)

Eligio Ayala, President (1923–1924)

Luis Alberto Riart, President (1924)

Eligio Ayala, President (1924–1928)

José Guggiari, President (1928–1932)

Eusebio Ayala, President (1932–1936)

Rafael Franco, President (1936–1937)

Félix Paiva, President (1937–1939)

José Estigarribia, President (1939–1940)

Higinio Moríñigo, President (1940–1948)

Juan Manuel Frutos, President (1948)

Juan González, President (1948–1949)

Raimundo Rolón, President (1949)

Felipe Molas, President (1949)

Federico Chávez, President (1949–1954)

Peru

Republic of Peru (complete list) –

Eduardo López de Romaña, Constitutional President (1899–1903)

Manuel Candamo, Constitutional President (1903–1904)

Serapio Calderón, President of the Government Junta (1904)

José Pardo y Barreda, Constitutional President (1904–1908)

Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo, Constitutional President (1908–1912)

Guillermo Billinghurst, Constitutional President (1912–1914)

Óscar R. Benavides, Interim President (1914–1915)

José Pardo y Barreda, Constitutional President (1915–1919)

Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo, Constitutional President (1919–1930)

Manuel María Ponce Brousset, Interim President (1930)

Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, President of the Provisional Government Junta (1930–1931)

Ricardo Leoncio Elías Arias, President of the Provisional Government Junta (1931)

Gustavo Jiménez, President of the Provisional Government Junta (1931)

David Samanez Ocampo, President of the Southern Junta (1931)

Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, Constitutional President (1931–1933)

Óscar Benavides, Constitutional President (1933–1939)

Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, Constitutional President (1939–1945)

José Bustamante y Rivero, Constitutional President (1945–1948)

Manuel A. Odría, President (1948–1950)

Zenón Noriega Agüero, President (1950)

Manuel A. Odría, Constitutional President (1950–1956)

Suriname

Dutch Surinam (complete list) –

Dutch colony 1667–1954

For details see the Netherlands under western Europe

Uruguay

Uruguay (complete list) –

Juan Lindolfo Cuestas, President (1899–1903)

José Batlle y Ordóñez, President (1903–1907)

Claudio Williman, President (1907–1911)

José Batlle y Ordóñez, President (1911–1915)

Feliciano Viera, President (1915–1919)

Baltasar Brum, President (1919–1923)

José Serrato, President (1923–1927)

Juan Campisteguy, President (1927–1931)

Gabriel Terra, President (1931–1939)

Alfredo Baldomir, President (1939–1943)

Juan José de Amézaga, President (1943–1947)

Tomás Berreta, President (1947)

Luis Batlle Berres, President (1947–1951)

Venezuela

United States of Venezuela (complete list) –

Cipriano Castro, President (1899–1908)

Juan Vicente Gómez, President (1908–1913)

José Gil Fortoul, Interim President (1913–1914)

Victorino Márquez Bustillos, President (1914–1922)

Juan Vicente Gómez, President (1922–1929)

Juan Bautista Pérez, President (1929–1931)

Juan Vicente Gómez, President (1931–1935)

Eleazar López Contreras, President (1935–1941)

Isaías Medina Angarita, President (1941–1945)

Rómulo Betancourt, President (1945–1948)

Rómulo Gallegos, President (1948)

Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, President (1948–1950)

Germán Suárez Flamerich, Interim President (1950–1952)

Asia

Asia: Central

Kazakhstan

Alash Autonomy (complete list) –

Alikhan Bukeikhanov, Prime minister (1917–1920)

Tibet

Tibet under Qing rule (Qing emperors / Dalai Lamas) –

Manchu overlordship, 1720-1912

For details see the Qing dynasty under Eastern Asia

Tibet (1912–1951) (complete list) –

Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama (1879–1933)

Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama (1950–1959)

Uzbekistan

Khanate of Khiva (complete list) –

Muhammad Rahim Bahadur II., Khan (Feruz Khan), Khan (1864–1910)

Isfandiyar Jurji Bahadur, Khan (1910–1918)

Sayid Abdullah, Khan (1918–1920)

Khorezm People's Soviet Republic

Hoji Pahlavon Niyoz Yusuf, Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee (1920)

Jumaniyoz Sulton Muradoghli, Chairman of the Provisional Government (1920)

Hoji Pahlavon Niyoz Yusuf, Chairmen of the Presidium (1920–1921)

Qoch Qoroghli, Chairmen of Provisional Revolutionary Committee (1921)

Khudoybergan Divanoghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1921)

Mulla Nozir, Chairmen of the Presidium (1921)

Allabergan, Chairmen of the Presidium (1921)

Ata Maqsum Madrahimoghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1921)

Jangibay Murodoghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1921–1922)

Abdulla Abdurahmon Khojaoghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1922–1923)

K. Safaroghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1923–1924)

Sultonkari Jumaniyoz, Chairmen of the Presidium (1924)

Temurkhoja Yaminoghli, Chairmen of the Presidium (1924–1925)

Emirate of Bukhara –

Russian protectorate, 1873–1917

Abdul-Ahad bin Muzaffar al-Din, Amir (1885–1910)

Muhammad Alim Khan bin Abdul-Ahad, Amir (1910–1920)

Bukharan People's Soviet Republic (complete list) –

Mirzo Abduqodir Mansurovich Mukhitdinov, Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee (1920–1921)

Polat Usmon Khodzhayev, Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee (1921), of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee (1921–1922)

Muin Jon Aminov, Chairmen of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee (1922)

Porsa Khodzhayev, Chairmen of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee (1922–1925)

Russian Turkestan (complete list) –

Russian Krai, 1867–1918

For details see the Russian Empire under Eastern Europe

Asia: East

China: Qing dynasty

Qing dynasty (complete list) –

Guangxu, Emperor (1875–1908)

Puyi, Emperor (1908–1912)

China: Since 1912

Republic of China (1912–1915)

Presidents (complete list) –

Sun Yat-sen, Provisional President (1912)

Yuan Shikai, President (1912–1915)

Premiers (complete list) –

Tang Shaoyi, Premier (1912)

Lu Zhengxiang, Premier (1912)

Zhao Bingjun, Premier (1912–1913)

Duan Qirui, Acting Premier (1913)

Xiong Xiling, Premier (1913–1914)

Sun Baoqi, Acting Premier (1914)

Xu Shichang, Premier: Secretary of State (1914–1915)

Empire of China (1915–1916)

Emperor (complete list) –

Yuan Shikai, Emperor (1915–1916)

Premiers (complete list) –

Lu Zhengxiang, Premier (1915–1916)

Republic of China (1916–1949)

Presidents (complete list) –

Yuan Shikai, President (1916)

Li Yuanhong, President (1916–1917)

Feng Guozhang, President (1917–1918)

Xu Shichang, President (1918–1922)

Zhou Ziqi, Acting President (1922–1922)

Li Yuanhong, President (1922–1923)

Gao Lingwei, Acting President (1923)

Cao Kun, President (1923–1924)

Huang Fu, Acting President (1924)

Duan Qirui, President (1924–1926)

Hu Weide, Acting President (1926)

Yan Huiqing, Acting President (1926)

Du Xigui, Acting President (1926)

Wellington Koo, Acting President (1926–1927)

Zhang Zuolin, Generalissimo of the Military Government (1927–1928)

Tan Yankai, President (1928)

Chiang Kai-shek, Chairmen (1928–1931)

Lin Sen, Chairmen (1931–1943)

Chiang Kai-shek, Chairmen (1943–1948), President (1948–1949)

Premiers (complete list) –

Xu Shichang, Premier: Secretary of State (1916)

Duan Qirui, Premier (1916–1917)

Wang Daxie, Acting Premier (1917)

Wang Shizhen, Acting Premier (1917–1918)

Qian Nengxun, Acting Premier (1918–1919)

Gong Xinzhan, Acting Premier (1919)

Jin Yunpeng, Premier (1919–1920)

Sa Zhenbing, Premier (1920)

Jin Yunpeng, Premier (1920–1921)

Yan Huiqing, Acting Premier (1921)

Liang Shiyi, Premier (1921–1922)

Yan Huiqing, Acting Premier (1922)

Zhou Ziqi, Acting Premier (1922)

Yan Huiqing, Acting Premier (1922)

Wang Chonghui, Acting Premier (1922)

Wang Daxie, Acting Premier (1922)

Wang Zhengting, Acting Premier (1922–1923)

Zhang Shaozeng, Premier (1923)

Gao Lingwei, Premier (1923–1924)

Sun Baoqi, Premier (1924)

Wellington Koo, Acting Premier (1924)

Yan Huiqing, Acting Premier (1924)

Huang Fu, Acting Premier (1924)

Xu Shiying, Premier (1925–1926)

Jia Deyao, Acting Premier (1926)

Hu Weide, Acting Premier (1926)

Yan Huiqing, Acting Premier (1926)

Du Xigui, Acting Premier (1926)

Wellington Koo, Acting Premier (1926–1927)

Pan Fu, Premier (1927–1928)

Tan Yankai, Premier (1928–1930)

T. V. Soong, Premier (1930)

Chiang Kai-shek, Premier (1930–1931)

Chen Mingshu, Premier (1931–1932)

Sun Fo, Premier (1932–1932)

Wang Jingwei, Premier (1932–1935)

Chiang Kai-shek, Premier (1935–1938)

H. H. Kung, Premier (1938–1939)

Chiang Kai-shek, Premier (1939–1945)

T. V. Soong, Premier (1945–1947)

Chiang Kai-shek, Premier (1947)

Chang Ch'ün, Premier (1947–1948)

Weng Wenhao, Premier (1948)

Sun Fo, Premier (1948–1949)

He Yingqin, Premier (1949)

Republic of China: Taiwan

Presidents (complete list) –

Li Zongren, Acting President (1949–1950)

Yan Xishan, Acting President (1949–1950)

Chiang Kai-shek, President (1950–1975)

Premiers (complete list) –

Yan Xishan, Premier (1949–1950)

Chen Cheng, Premier (1950–1954)

People's Republic of China

Chairmen and General Secretaries of the Communist Party (complete list) and paramount leaders (complete list) –

Mao Zedong, Chairman (1945–1976), paramount leader (1949–1976)

Heads of state (complete list) –

Mao Zedong, Chairman (1949–1959)

Premiers (complete list) –

Zhou Enlai, Premier (1949–1976)

East Hebei Autonomous Council –

Puppet state of Japan

Yin Ju-keng, Chairman (1935–1937)

Chi Zongmo, Chairman (1937–1938)

Manchukuo

Head of State –

Puyi, Chief Executive (1932–1934), Emperor (1934–1945)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Zheng Xiaoxu, Prime minister (1932–1935)

Zhang Jinghui, Prime minister (1935–1945)

Japan

Empire of Japan

Emperors (complete list) –

Meiji, Emperor (1867–1912)

Taishō, Emperor (1912–1926)

Hirohito, Emperor (1926–1989)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Itō Hirobumi, Prime minister (1900–1901)

Saionji Kinmochi, Acting Prime minister (1901–1901)

Katsura Tarō, Prime minister (1901–1906)

Saionji Kinmochi, Prime minister (1906–1908)

Katsura Tarō, Prime minister (1908–1911)

Saionji Kinmochi, Prime minister (1911–1912)

Katsura Tarō, Prime minister (1912–1913)

Yamamoto Gonnohyōe, Prime minister (1913–1914)

Ōkuma Shigenobu, Prime minister (1914–1916)

Terauchi Masatake, Prime minister (1916–1918)

Hara Takashi, Prime minister (1918–1921)

Uchida Kosai, Acting Prime minister (1921–1921)

Takahashi Korekiyo, Prime minister (1921–1922)

Katō Tomosaburō, Prime minister (1922–1923)

Uchida Kosai, Acting Prime minister (1923–1923)

Yamamoto Gonnohyōe, Prime minister (1923–1924)

Kiyoura Keigo, Prime minister (1924–1924)

Katō Takaaki, Prime minister (1924–1926)

Wakatsuki Reijirō, Prime minister (1926–1927)

Tanaka Giichi, Prime minister (1927–1929)

Osachi Hamaguchi, Prime minister (1929–1931)

Kijūrō Shidehara, Acting Prime minister (1931–1931)

Osachi Hamaguchi, Prime minister (1931–1931)

Wakatsuki Reijirō, Prime minister (1931–1931)

Inukai Tsuyoshi, Prime minister (1931–1932)

Takahashi Korekiyo, Acting Prime minister (1932–1932)

Saitō Makoto, Prime minister (1932–1934)

Keisuke Okada, Prime minister (1934–1936)

Fumio Gotō, Acting Prime minister (1936–1936)

Keisuke Okada, Prime minister (1936–1936)

Kōki Hirota, Prime minister (1936–1937)

Senjūrō Hayashi, Prime minister (1937–1937)

Fumimaro Konoe, Prime minister (1937–1939)

Hiranuma Kiichirō, Prime minister (1939–1939)

Nobuyuki Abe, Prime minister (1939–1940)

Mitsumasa Yonai, Prime minister (1940–1940)

Fumimaro Konoe, Prime minister (1940–1941)

Hideki Tojo, Prime minister (1941–1944)

Kuniaki Koiso, Prime minister (1944–1945)

Kantarō Suzuki, Prime minister (1945–1945)

Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni, Prime minister (1945–1945)

Kijūrō Shidehara, Prime minister (1945–1946)

Shigeru Yoshida, Prime minister (1946–1947)

State of Japan

Emperors (complete list) –

Hirohito, Emperor (1926–1989)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Tetsu Katayama, Prime minister (1947–1948)

Hitoshi Ashida, Prime minister (1948)

Shigeru Yoshida, Prime minister (1948–1949)

Korea

Korean Empire (complete list) –

Gojong, King (1863–1897), Emperor (1897–1907)

Sunjong, Emperor (1907–1910)

Japanese Korea, (complete list) –

Colony, 1910–1945

For details see the Japan under Eastern Asia

North Korea: Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Chairman of the Workers' Party (complete list) –

Kim Tu-bong, Chairman (1946–1949)

Prime Ministers (complete list) –

Kim Il Sung, Prime minister (1949–1972)

South Korea: Republic of Korea

Presidents (complete list) –

Syngman Rhee, President (1948–1960)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Lee Beom-seok, Prime minister (1948–1950)

Shin Sung-mo, Acting Prime minister (1950)

Chang Myon, Prime minister (1950–1952)

Mongolia

Bogd Khanate of Mongolia

Khagans (complete list) –

Bogd Khan, Khagan (1911–1924)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren, Prime minister (1919)

Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj, Prime minister (1919–1921)

Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar, Prime minister (1921)

Manzushir Khutagt Sambadondogiin Tserendorj, Prime minister (1921)

Dogsomyn Bodoo, Prime minister (1921–1922)

Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar, Prime minister (1922–1923)

Balingiin Tserendorj, Prime minister (1923–1924)

Mongolian People's Republic

Heads of state (complete list) –

Balingiin Tserendorj, Acting Head of state (1924)

Navaandorjiin Jadambaa, Chairman (1924)

Peljidiin Genden, Chairman (1924–1927)

Jamtsangiin Damdinsüren, Chairman (1927–1929)

Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Chairman (1929–1930)

Losolyn Laagan, Chairman (1930–1932)

Anandyn Amar, Chairman (1932–1936)

Dansranbilegiin Dogsom, Chairman (1936–1939)

Gonchigiin Bumtsend, Chairman (1940–1953)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Balingiin Tserendorj, Prime minister (1924–1928)

Anandyn Amar, Prime minister (1928–1930)

Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav, Prime minister (1930–1932)

Peljidiin Genden, Prime minister (1932–1936)

Anandyn Amar, Prime minister (1936–1939)

Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Prime minister (1939–1952)

Russia

Far Eastern Soviet Republic

Heads of State (complete list) –

Alexander Krasnoshchyokov, Chairman of the Government (1920–1921)

Nikolay Matveyev, Chairman of the Government (1921–1922)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (complete list) –

Alexander Krasnoshchyokov, Prime minister (1920)

Boris Shumyatsky, Prime minister (1920–1921)

Pyotr Nikiforov, Prime minister (1921)

Nikolay Matveyev, Prime minister (1921–1922)

Pyotr Kobozev, Prime minister (1922)

Asia: Southeast

Brunei

Protectorate of Brunei (complete list) –

British protectorate, 1888–1984

Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, Sultan (1885–1906)

Muhammad Jamalul Alam II, Sultan (1906–1924)

Ahmad Tajuddin, Sultan (1924–1950)

Omar Ali Saifuddien III, Sultan (1950–1967)

Cambodia

French Protectorate of Cambodia

Protectorate, 1863–1984, part of French Indochina 1887–1953

Japanese occupation of Cambodia 1941–1945

Kings (complete list) –

Norodom, King (1860–1904)

Sisowath, King (1904–1927)

Sisowath Monivong, King (1927–1941)

Norodom Sihanouk, King (1941–1955)

Prime ministers (complete list) –

Norodom Sihanouk, Prime minister (1945, 1950, 1952)

Son Ngoc Thanh, Prime minister (1945)

Sisowath Monireth, Prime minister (1945–1946)

Sisowath Youtevong, Prime minister (1946–1947)

Sisowath Watchayavong, Prime minister (1947–1948)

Chhean Vam, Prime minister (1948)

Penn Nouth, Prime minister (1948–1949, 1953)

Yem Sambaur, Prime minister (1949, 1949–1950)

Ieu Koeus, Prime minister (1949)

Sisowath Monipong, Prime minister (1950–1951)

Oum Chheang Sun, Prime minister (1951)

Huy Kanthoul, Prime minister (1951–1952)

Indonesia

Dutch East Indies (complete list) –

Dutch colony 1800–1811, 1816–1949

For details see the Netherlands under western Europe

Indonesia: Java

Sumenep –

Pangeran Pakunataningrat, Regent (1883–1901)

Pangeran Arya Prataming Kusuma, Regent (1901–1926)

Tumenggung Arya Prabuwinata, Regent (1926–1929)

Surakarta Sunanate (complete list) –

Pakubuwono X, Sultan (1893–1939)

Pakubuwono XI, Sultan (1939–1945)

Yogyakarta Sultanate (complete list) –

Hamengkubuwono VII, Sultan (1877–1921)

Hamengkubuwono VIII, Sultan (1921–1939)

Hamengkubuwono IX, Sultan (1939–1946)

Mangkunegaran (complete list) –

Mangkunegara VI, Sultan (1896–1916)

Mangkunegara VII, Sultan (1916–1944)

Mangkunegara VIII, Sultan (1944–1946)

Pakualaman (complete list) –

Pakualam VI, Sultan (1901–1902)

Pakualam VII, Sultan (1906–1937)

Pakualam VIII, Sultan (1937–1946)

Islamic State of Indonesia –

Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwiryo, Imam (1949–1962)

Indonesia: Sumatra

Aceh Sultanate (complete list) –

Alauddin Muhammad Da'ud Syah II, Sultan (1874–1903)

Sultanate of Deli (complete list) –

Ma'mun Al Rashid Perkasa Alamyah, Sultan (1873–1924)

Amaluddin Sultan Al Sani Perkasa Alamsyah, Sultan (1924–1945)

Tuanku Sultan Otteman II, Sultan (1945–1946)

Sultanate of Langkat –

Abdul Aziz Abdul Jalil Rakhmat Shah, Sultan (1893–1927)

Mahmud Abdul Jalil Rakhmat Shah, Sultan (1927–1946)

Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura (complete list) –

Al-Sayyid al-Sharif Hashim Abdul Jalil Muzaffar Shah, Sultan (1889–1908)

Syarif Kasim II, Sultan (1915–1946)

Sultanate of Serdang (complete list) –

Al-Marhum Perbaungan, Sultan (1879–1946)

Riau-Lingga Sultanate (complete list) –

Abdul Rahman II Muazzam Shah, Sultan (1883–1911)

Jambi Sultanate –

Thaha Safiuddin, Sultan (1855–1858, 1900–1904)

Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo)

Sultanate of Bulungan –

Pengian Kesuma, Queen (1899–1901)

Kasimuddin, Sultan (20th century)

Datu Mansyur, Acting Sultan (1925–1930)

Maulana Ahmad Sulaimanuddin, Sultan (1930–1931)

Maulana Muhammad Jalaluddin, Sultan (1931–1950)

Pontianak Sultanate (complete list) –

Syarif Muhammad Alkadrie, Sultan (1895–1944)

Syarif Hamid II, Sultan (1945–1950)

Sultanate of Sambas (complete list) –

Muhammad Shafi ud-din II, Sultan (1866–1924)

Muhammad 'Ali Shafi ud-din II, Sultan (1924–1926)

Muhammad Tayeb, Chief of the Assembly Council (1926–1931)

Muhammad Ibrahim Shafi ud-din, Sultan (1931–1943)

Sultanate of Sintang –

Panembahan Kusuma Negara II, Panembahan (1889–1905)

Sri Paduka Tuanku Haji Gusti Adi 'Abdu'l-Majid ibni al-Marhum Panembahan Ismail, Panembahan Kusuma Negara III, Panembahan (1905–1913)

Ade Muhammad Jun 'Abdu'l-Kadir Pangeran Adipati Temenggong Setia Agama Wakil, Panembahan (1913–1934)

Panembahan Kusuma Negara IV, Panembahan (1934–1944)

Panembahan Kusuma Negara V, Panembahan (1944–1947)

Indonesia: Sulawesi

Sultanate of Gowa –

Husain, Sultan (1895–1906)

Muhammad Tahur Muhibuddin, Sultan (1936–1945)

Luwu –

Iskandar Opu Daeng Pali', Datu (1883–1901)

Andi Kambo, Datu (1901–1935)

Andi DJemma, Datu (1935–1965)

Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands

Kingdom of Larantuka –

Lorenzo II, Raja (c.1886–1904)

Bima Sultanate (complete list) –

Ibrahim, Sultan (1881–1915)

Muhammad Salahuddin, Sultan (1915–1949)

Indonesia: West Timor

Amanatun (complete list) –

Muti Banu Naek, Raja (c.1899–1915)

Kusa Banu Naek, Raja (1916–1919)

Kolo Banu Naek, Raja (1920–1946)

Lodeweyk Lourens Don Louis Banu Naek, Raja (1946–1962)

Amarasi (complete list) –

Rasi Koroh, Raja (1872–1887, 1892–1914)

Isaac Koroh, Raja (1914–1923)

Alexander Koroh, Raja (1923–1925)

Hendrik Arnold Koroh, Raja (1925–1949)

Amabi (complete list) –

Kusa, Raja (1895–1901)

Arnoldus, Raja (1901)

Junus Amtaran, Raja (1901–1903)

Kase Kome, Raja (1903–1912)

Jacob Ch.