Energy in India
Open-knowledge reference entry
Since 2013, the total primary energy consumption in India has been the third greatest in the world (see world energy consumption) after China and the United States. Having the largest national population of over 1.4 billion people, its per capita energy consumption is still below the median for all nations despite its large total energy consumptionn. India was a net energy importer, importing nearly 47% of its total primary energy in 2019.
While much of its energy comes from fossil fuels, as of 2024, India is in the midst of a very rapid growth of solar and other renewable energy. However, this page currently only discusses the country's fossil fuel–based energy. For information about its renewable energy sources, see the page Renewable energy in India.
Overview
In 2022-23, Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) per capita is 25,745 mega joule whereas Total Final Consumption per capita is 16,699 mega joule. Electricity
consumption per capita is 1015 kWh in 2022-23. The energy intensity of agriculture is seven times less than industries in 2022-23 (see Table 8.9)
@ Includes electricity generated from fossil fuels.
Coal
In 2023, India was both the second largest producer of coal and second largest consumer of coal, although for both statistics having less than a fourth of that of leading China.
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