Gregorio Marañón
Spanish physician and historian (1887-1960)
Gregorio Marañón y Posadillo, OWL ([ɡɾeˈɣoɾjo maɾaˈɲon]; 19 May 1887 – 27 March 1960) was a Spanish physician, scientist, historian, writer and philosopher. He married Dolores Moya in 1911, and they had four children (Carmen, Belén, María Isabel and Gregorio).
Life and work
An austere, humanist and liberal man, he was a prominent Spanish intellectual of the 20th century. He was noted for his extensive scholarly work and for his literary style characterized by clarity and precision. Like many contemporaries, he engaged in social and political life: he was a Republican and opposed the Miguel Primo de Rivera dictatorship—an opposition that resulted in a one-month prison sentence— and expressed criticism of Spanish communism. He initially supported the Second Spanish Republic, but later criticised it because of its lack of cohesion among the Spanish people.
Probably after going away from Madrid (around January 1937), and when asked his opinion of republican Spain, Marañón spoke in a meeting of French intellectuals as follows: "You don't need to try very hard, my friends; listen to this: eighty-eight percent of teachers from Madrid, Valencia and Barcelona (the three universities which, alongside Murcia's, had stayed on the republican side) have been forced to exile abroad. And do you know why? Simply because they were afraid of being murdered by the reds (communists in Spain), despite many of the threatened intellectuals were thought of as left-wing men."
In the article "Liberalism and Communism", published in Revue de Paris on 15 December 1937, he clearly expressed his change of opinion towards the Second Republic:
[...] In History there is one absolutely forbidden thing: to judge what could have happened if what happened hadn't happened. But what is beyond discussion is that the prophecies from the extreme right-wing or monarchic sides that opposed to the Republic were completely fulfilled: non-stop chaos, strikes with no motivation, burnings of churches, religious prosecution, taking away the power from the liberals, who had sponsored the movement and who didn't fall into classes politics; refusal to admit in normality to right-wing people who obeyed the regime in good faith, although they logically weren't ignited with republican extremism.
This brief starts where responsible research should: with the source description of “Gregorio Marañón” as spanish physician and historian (1887-1960). Everything that follows is an evidence route, not borrowed authority.
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The subject matters to the people & ideas register because the source frames it as spanish physician and historian (1887-1960). Its deeper value depends on whether names, dates, institutions and citations support that framing.
Biographical claims are most persuasive when dates, appointments and relationships can be traced to records created close to the events described. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 17, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q708559. VIAF identifies the subject as 9857433. The Library of Congress control number is n50040665. 3 of 3 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1887, 1960, 1911 and 1937.
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This entry incorporates text from “Gregorio Marañón” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.