Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
17th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 1st from the Tughluq dynasty
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq Shah (Persian: غیاث الدین تغلق شاہ), also known as Ghazi Malik (غازی ملک; died 1 February 1325), was the Sultan of Delhi from 1320 to 1325. He was the first sultan of the Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. During his reign, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq founded the city of Tughluqabad. His reign ended upon his death in 1325 when a pavilion built in his honour collapsed. The 14th-century historian Ibn Battuta claimed that the death of the sultan was the result of a conspiracy against him.
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq was succeeded by his eldest son, Muhammad bin Tughluq.
Early life
Tughluq belonged to the Qara’unas, a Mongol tribe from Central Asia. His ancestry is widely discussed in the sources, which differ in detail but not in substance. Contemporary and later authors such as Ibn Battuta and Shams-i Siraj Afif describe him in broader terms as a Turk or Mongol, situating his lineage within the wider Turkic world. Several sources indicate that Tughluq's family had become established in Hindustan: his father served under Balban, and his mother belonged to the Hindu Jat community of the Punjab.
“Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq” enters the record as 17th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 1st from the Tughluq dynasty. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Ghiyath, al-Din and Tughluq can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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The record creator and administrative purpose are central evidence, because official documentation reflects both action and institutional priorities. The source revision retrieved here is dated Aug 17, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q1391172. VIAF identifies the subject as 2658153596630051900003. The Library of Congress control number is no2021060349. 2 of 3 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank. The first chronological checks are 1325 and 1320.
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This entry incorporates text from “Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.