Image of God
doctrine
The "image of God" (Hebrew: צֶלֶם אֱלֹהִים, romanized: ṣelem ʾĔlōhīm; Greek: εἰκών τοῦ Θεοῦ, romanized: eikón toú Theoú; Latin: imago Dei) is a concept and theological doctrine in Judaism and Christianity. It is a foundational aspect of those religions' beliefs with regard to the fundamental understanding of human nature. It stems from the primary text in Genesis 1:27, which reads (in the King James Version): "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female he created them." The exact meaning of the phrase has been debated for millennia.
Following tradition, a number of Jewish scholars, such as Saadia Gaon and Philo, argued that being made in the image of God does not mean that God possesses human-like features, but rather the reverse: that the statement is figurative language for God bestowing special honour unto humankind, which he did not confer unto the rest of creation.
The history of the Christian interpretation of the image of God has included three common lines of understanding: a substantive view locates the image of God in shared characteristics between God and humanity such as rationality or morality; a relational understanding argues that the image is found in human relationships with God and each other; and a functional view interprets the image of God as a role or function whereby humans act on God’s behalf and serve to represent God in the created order. These three views are not strictly competitive. Furthermore, a fourth and earlier viewpoint involved the physical, corporeal form of God, held by both Christians and Jews.
Doctrine associated with God's image provides important grounding for the development of human rights and the dignity of each human life regardless of class, race, gender, or disability, and it is also related to conversations about the human body's divinity and role in human life and salvation.
Biblical sources
Hebrew Bible
The phrase "image of God" is found in three passages in the Hebrew Bible, all in the Book of Genesis 1–11:
And God said: 'Let us make man in our image/b'tsalmeinu, after our likeness/kid'muteinu; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.' And God created man in His image, in the image of God He created him, male and female created He them. And God blessed them; and God said to them: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that creepeth upon the earth.'
This is the book of the generations of Adam.
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The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Sep 12, 2026. The linked authority identifier is Q1538955. The Library of Congress control number is sh85064443. 1 of 1 selected statements include explicit references; 0 carry qualifiers and 0 use preferred rank.
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