Game Research/Design
board wargame publisher formed in 1985, the publisher of the Europa series
Game Research/Design (GR/D) was a board wargame publisher, principally concerned with the Europa series of European World War II wargames. GR/D was formed in 1985 by John Astell, one of the Europa designers, and Winston Hamilton, another World War II wargame designer. The company published several Europa expansions, as well as a magazine dedicated to the series, and in 1989 GR/D acquired the rights to the series. They published collectors' editions of the Europa games, as well as beginning two more series focusing on the Pacific War and World War I.
The Europa Winter War Game was designed by Gary Stagliano, friend of John Astell. He was partly Finnish and grew up in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. He was an avid gamer and highly interested in military history.
In 2001, GR/D was purchased by Mill Creek Ventures (principal owner Carl Kleihege).
In 2004, Mill Creek sold GR/D to Historical Military Services.
Begin with the source’s own compact description: “Game Research/Design” is board wargame publisher formed in 1985, the publisher of the Europa series. The dossier treats that line as a proposition to test through Game, Research and Design, not as a finished interpretation.
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The citation trail is more important than the brevity of the summary: it shows where individual claims can be examined in context. The source revision retrieved here is dated Apr 16, 2025. The linked authority identifier is Q5519892. None of the 1 selected statements returned an explicit reference. The first chronological checks are 1985, 1989, 2001 and 2004.
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This entry incorporates text from “Game Research/Design” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.