Flora of Ezcaray, Valgañón and Zorraquín
Open-knowledge reference entry
The Flora of Ezcaray, Valgañón and Zorraquín refers to the plant diversity found in the upper Oja basin within the Sierra de La Demanda mountain range, located in La Rioja, Spain.
Overview
The most comprehensive botanical study of this region is Flora y vegetación del Alto Oja (Sierra de La Demanda, La Rioja, España) published in Guineana 11: 1-250 (2005). This study, conducted by the University of the Basque Country, catalogued over 1,000 vascular plant species and subspecies in the upper Oja basin, representing approximately 40% of La Rioja's total flora in just 250 km².
Study area characteristics
Altitude range: 712 m (Santurde de Rioja) to 2,270 m (San Lorenzo peak)
Area: 250 km²
Climate: Temperate oceanic, submediterranean type
Phytogeographic sector: Oroiberian-Sorian
Biogeographic characteristics
Floristic composition
The flora includes approximately:
European species (especially Atlantic)
Mediterranean species (especially western orophytes)
Boreal-alpine species (in high altitude areas)
Endemic Iberian taxa: Silicicolous Iberian orophilous species and basophilous Pyrenean-Cantabrian species
Vegetation series
The study identified succession series including:
Beech and holly grove series
Portuguese oak grove series
Pedunculate oak series
Marcescent oak series
Mixed forest series
Holm oak series
Willow grove series
Juniper series
Psychroxerophilous grassland series
Plant communities by biotope
Forest biotopes
Beech forests (Hayedos)
European beech (Fagus sylvatica) is dominant in humid, shaded areas at medium-high altitudes.
Oak forests
The region contains several types of oak forests:
Portuguese Oak Forests (Melojares): Extensive forests of Portuguese Oak (Quercus pyrenaica) covering approximately 3 km² near the area.
Marcescent Oak Forests (Quejigares): Dominated by Quejigo Oak (Quercus faginea).
Pedunculate Oak Forests: Featuring Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur).
Holm Oak Forests (Encinares): Consisting of Holm Oak (Quercus ilex).
Holly groves (Acebales)
European Holly (Ilex aquifolium) forms notable groves, particularly the Acebal in Valgañón.
Mixed forests
Hazel (Corylus avellana)
Field Maple (Acer campestre)
Maguillos (local name) - Pyrus cordata or similar wild fruit trees
Juniper woodlands (Enebrales)
Common Juniper (Juniperus communis) forms characteristic woodland communities.
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