Fetlock
joint found in horses
Fetlock is the common name in horses, large animals, and sometimes dogs for the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints (MCPJ and MTPJ).
Although it somewhat resembles the human ankle in appearance, the joint is homologous to the ball of the foot. In anatomical terms, the hoof corresponds to the toe, rather than the whole human foot.
Etymology and related terminology
The word fetlock literally means "foot-lock" and refers to the small tuft of hair situated on the rear of the fetlock joint.
"Feather" refers to the particularly long, luxuriant hair growth over the lower leg and fetlock that is characteristic of certain breeds.
Formation
A fetlock (a MCPJ or a MTPJ) is formed by the junction of the third metacarpal (in the forelimb) or metatarsal (in the hindlimb) bones, either of which are commonly called the cannon bones, proximally and the proximal phalanx distally, commonly called the pastern bone.
Paired proximal sesamoid bones form the joint with the palmar or plantar distal surface of the third metacarpal or metatarsal bones, and are tightly attached to the proximo-palmar or -plantar edge of the proximal phalanx.
As a hinge joint
The fetlock is a hinge joint (ginglymus), allowing flexion and extension, but only allowing minimal rotation, adduction, or abduction.
Anatomy compared to that of humans
While the fetlock is sometimes colloquially referred to as an "ankle", even by horse experts, that terminology is misleading. The ankle joint in humans corresponds to the hock of horses.
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