Erythrocytapheresis
apheresis procedure
Erythrocytapheresis is an apheresis procedure by which erythrocytes (red blood cells) are separated from whole blood. It is an extracorporeal blood separation method whereby whole blood is extracted from a donor or patient, the red blood cells are separated, and the remaining blood is returned to circulation.
Method
Overview
For the separation of erythrocytes, whole blood is passed through an apparatus that isolates the red blood cells from the remaining components. In erythrocytapheresis, centrifugation is the most commonly used red blood cell fractionation method. This is because the hematocrit, or the percentage of blood volume taken up by red blood cells, is present in the highest percentage of all blood cell components in the solid portion of blood. Therefore, since erythrocytes have the highest specific weight in comparison to other solids in blood, they can easily be separated using centrifugation. Whole blood is spun down in a spinning bowl centrifuge and the bottom layer, concentrated with erythrocytes, sediments to the bottom. These are separated and the rest of the blood can be retransfused.
Centrifugal sedimentation
Centrifugal sedimentation is the most used process by which erythrocytapheresis occurs. In this method, patient or donor blood is collected and processed into an erythrocyte concentrate with a high hematocrit content.
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