Romani people in the Czech Republic
ethnic group in the Czech Republic
Romani people (Czech: Romové; commonly known as Gypsies, Czech: Cikáni) are an ethnic minority in the Czech Republic, currently making up around 2% of the population. Originally migrants from North Western India sometime between the 6th and 11th centuries, they have long had a presence in the region. Since the creation of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the Romani population have experienced considerable hardship, having been a main target of Nazi extermination programs during World War II, and the subject of forced relocation, sterilisation, and other radical social policies during the Communist era. In the successor state, the Czech Republic, challenges remain for the Romani population with respect to education and poverty, and there are frequent tensions with the white majority population over issues including crime and integration.
Demographics
In the 2001 Census, 11,746 people reported their nationality as Romani – 0.1% of those claiming some nationality. According to the 2011 census, the Romani population was 13,150, 0.2% of the total number reporting some nationality. Of these, 5,199 responded by listing only Romani nationality; the remaining 7,951 listed their Romani nationality in combination with another nationality, for example, Romani and Czech, Romani and Moravian and so on. 40,370 respondents to the 2011 census reported Romani language as their language.
A 2019 report estimated the number of Romani people in the Czech Republic at 262,000.
History
Origin
The Romani people originate from Northern India, most likely from the northwestern Indian states Rajasthan and Punjab.
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