Plasmacytoma
plasma cell dyscrasia in which a plasma cell tumour grows within soft tissue or within the axial skeleton
Plasmacytoma is a plasma cell dyscrasia in which a plasma cell tumour grows within soft tissue or within the axial skeleton.
The International Myeloma Working Group lists three types: solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB); extramedullary plasmacytoma (EP), and multiple plasmacytomas that are either primary or recurrent. The most common of these is SPB, accounting for 3–5% of all plasma cell malignancies. SPBs occur as lytic lesions within the axial skeleton and extramedullary plasmacytomas most often occur in the upper respiratory tract (85%), but can occur in any soft tissue. Approximately half of all cases produce paraproteinemia. SPBs and extramedullary plasmacytomas are mostly treated with radiotherapy, but surgery is used in some cases of extramedullary plasmacytoma. The skeletal forms frequently progress to multiple myeloma over the course of 2–4 years.
Due to their cellular similarity, plasmacytomas have to be differentiated from multiple myeloma. For SPB and extramedullary plasmacytoma the distinction is the presence of only one lesion (either in bone or soft tissue), normal bone marrow (<5% plasma cells), normal skeletal survey, absent or low paraprotein and no end organ damage.
Pathophysiology
While the cause is generally unknown, potential triggers for extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) include chronic stimulation, inhalation of chemicals, viral infections and irradiation.
The public source identifies “Plasmacytoma” as plasma cell dyscrasia in which a plasma cell tumour grows within soft tissue or within the axial skeleton. This brief keeps that definition visible, then builds a research path around Plasmacytoma, plasma and cell.
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This entry incorporates text from “Plasmacytoma” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.