Tōkai–Tōsan dialects
group of Japanese dialects spoken in Chūbu, Japan
The Tōkai–Tōsan dialect (東海東山方言 Tōkai–Tōsan hōgen) is a group of the transitional Japanese dialects spoken in the southern and eastern Chūbu region. The dialects spoken in the northwest Chubu region are classified as the Hokuriku dialect of Western Japanese. The Tokai–Tosan dialect has three sub-groups: Gifu–Aichi, Echigo, and Nagano–Yamanashi–Shizuoka. These are transitional between Western and Eastern Japanese; which branch of the family they fall in depends on which isoglosses are taken as definitive. (See Eastern and Western Japanese for details.)
Nagano–Yamanashi–Shizuoka
The Nagano–Yamanashi–Shizuoka a.k.a. Na-Ya-Shi dialects are spoken in Nagano Prefecture, Yamanashi Prefecture and Shizuoka Prefecture. It is characterized by a presumptive suffix -zura or -ra.
Nagano a.k.a. Shinshū dialect (Nagano Prefecture)
Okushinano dialect (Sakae, the northernmost village)
Hokushin dialect (northern area)
Tōshin dialect (eastern area)
Chūshin dialect (central area)
Nanshin dialect (southern area)
Shizuoka dialect (Shizuoka Prefecture especially central area)
Izu dialect (eastern Shizuoka Prefecture, formerly known as Izu Province)
Enshū dialect (western Shizuoka Prefecture, formerly known as Tōtōmi Province)
Kōshū a.k.a. Yamanashi dialect (Yamanashi Prefecture, especially western area)
Echigo
The Echigo dialect is spoken in mainly Niigata Prefecture, formerly known as Echigo Province except north of the Agano River.
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