Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
human disease
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is an immune disorder of T cells. It is characterized by chronic infections with Candida that are limited to mucosal surfaces, skin, and nails. It can also be associated with other types of infections, such as human papilloma virus. An association with chromosome 2 has been identified.
Types
Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms of this condition are thickened skin, skin ulcer, dyspareunia, endocardium abnormality, vision problems, hepatitis, seizures, bloody urine, and meningitis.
Associated diseases or conditions
There are a number of disorders associated with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis including endocrine dysfunctions, vitiligo, malabsorption syndromes, neoplasms, and others. In most patients, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is correlated to abnormalities in cell-mediated immunity (T-lymphocyte mediated response).
The T-lymphocytes fail to produce the necessary cytokines that are required for immunity against Candida. Current effective treatments include anti-fungal drugs and, for long-term remissions, restoration of cellular immunity.Patients with autosomal-dominant mucocutaneous candidiasis may be at risk for epidermoid esophageal cancer due to the nitrosamine compounds produced by chronic candida infections.
Cause
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis can be inherited either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.
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