Cholesteryl ester
an ester of cholesterol
Cholesteryl esters are a type of dietary lipid and are ester derivatives of cholesterol. The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased hydrophobicity. Esters are formed by replacing at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group with an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group. They can be hydrolyzed by certain enzymes, such as the pancreatic enzyme carboxyl ester lipase, to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. They are associated with atherosclerosis.
Cholesteryl esters are found in human brains as lipid droplets which store and transport cholesterol. Increased levels of cholesteryl esters have been found in certain parts of the brain of people with Huntington's disease. Higher concentrations of cholesteryl esters have been found in the caudate and putamen, but not the cerebellum, of people with Huntington disease compared with levels in controls. Increase in cholesteryl esters has also been found in other neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
“Cholesteryl ester” enters the record as an ester of cholesterol. Crown Archives preserves that source wording while asking what Cholesteryl, ester and cholesterol can confirm, complicate or overturn.
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This entry incorporates text from “Cholesteryl ester” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.