Chapan rebellion
peasant Rebellion (1919)
The Chapan rebellion (Russian: Чапанная война, romanized: Chapannaya voyna, lit. 'Chapan War') was one of the largest peasant uprisings against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War from March to April 1919. Peasants in the Simbirsk Governorate and Samara Governorate formed Green armies that rebelled against the Bolsheviks due to forced requisitions and conscription. Rebels led by Aleksey Dolinin captured the city of Stavropol, killed Bolshevik officials, and gained control of most of the Stavropol-Syzran area. The main rebellion was defeated by the Red Army a week later and remnants were defeated by April.
Background
By the turn of 1919, the Russian Civil War was raging in the upper Volga region, which was under the control of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) of the Bolsheviks. At that time, the White Army was preparing their advance from the Urals into the cities of Ufa, Izhevsk and Votkinsk, so the Bolsheviks required all available food and manpower for the upcoming defense of the region. Peasants were subjected to the extremely unpopular policy of prodrazvyorstka (forced requisitions) which led to the confiscation of their grain and produce, and the forced conscription of young male villagers into the Red Army. By February, over 3 million pudy of grain had been confiscated by the Bolsheviks in Simbirsk Governorate alone. These requisitions often exceeded the surplus, and turned into little more than robberies where Bolshevik soldiers took even products not subject to collection.
Many peasants and their communities were effectively condemned to hunger, as there was not enough produce left to feed themselves.
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This entry incorporates text from “Chapan rebellion” on English Wikipedia. Contributors are listed in the page history. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Selected authority identifiers and statements are retrieved from Wikidata under CC0; their references and qualifiers remain part of the verification path.